Backbones of evolutionary history test biodiversity theory for microbes
Backbones of evolutionary history test biodiversity theory for microbes
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1419341112
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发表时间：
2015-07-07
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Sharpton, Thomas J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Dwyer, James P.;Kembel, Steven W.;Sharpton, Thomas J.
确定决定生物多样性的生态和进化机制是生态学的一个核心问题。在微生物生态学中，系统发育多样性是量化群落多样性的一种日益普遍和相关的手段，特别是考虑到从环境序列数据中定义明确的物种单位的挑战。我们探索了来自不同栖息地的多种细菌群落的系统发育多样性模式，并将这些数据与使用生物多样性理论模型生成的进化树进行了比较。我们有两个主要发现。首先，尽管在较细的尺度上，经验树是高度特异的，但在粗尺度上，这些树的骨干是简单而健壮的，在栖息地中是一致的，并且在整个栖息地中显示出多样化的爆发。其次，我们发现这些数据明显偏离了生物多样性标准中性理论的预测，而另一类广义模型提供了更好的定性描述。总之，这些结果奠定了一个理论框架的基础，将生态机制与观察到的微生物群落系统发育模式联系起来。
Identifying the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that determine biological diversity is a central question in ecology. In microbial ecology, phylogenetic diversity is an increasingly common and relevant means of quantifying community diversity, particularly given the challenges in defining unambiguous species units from environmental sequence data. We explore patterns of phylogenetic diversity across multiple bacterial communities drawn from different habitats and compare these data to evolutionary trees generated using theoretical models of biodiversity. We have two central findings. First, although on finer scales the empirical trees are highly idiosyncratic, on coarse scales the backbone of these trees is simple and robust, consistent across habitats, and displays bursts of diversification dotted throughout. Second, we find that these data demonstrate a clear departure from the predictions of standard neutral theories of biodiversity and that an alternative family of generalized models provides a qualitatively better description. Together, these results lay the groundwork for a theoretical framework to connect ecological mechanisms to observed phylogenetic patterns in microbial communities.