Interventions to Improve Walking in Older Adults.
Interventions to Improve Walking in Older Adults.
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DOI：
10.1007/s13670-013-0059-0
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发表时间：
2013-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Vanswearingen, Jessie M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brach, Jennifer S;Vanswearingen, Jessie M
改善老年人步行的干预措施历来是多因素的（即加强，耐力和柔韧性项目），重点是改善潜在的损伤。这些以损伤为基础的项目在行走方面只取得了适度的改善。在老年人中，行走缓慢，不稳定，效率低下，步伐与姿势和步态阶段的时机和协调性差。我们认为，时间和协调问题是行走运动技能丧失的证据。从体育界和神经康复学中吸取教训，以任务为导向的运动学习练习是提高运动技能训练的重要组成部分，可能是改善老年人行走的有益方法。在这篇文章中，我们：1)简要回顾了目前关于以损伤为基础的干预措施改善行动能力的文献，2)讨论了为什么结果只是适度的，3)提出了另一种干预方法（即任务导向的运动学习）。
Interventions to improve walking in older adults have historically been multifactorial (i.e. strengthening, endurance and flexibility programs) focusing on improving the underlying impairments. These impairment-based programs have resulted in only modest improvements in walking. In older adults, walking is slow, less stable, inefficient, and the timing and coordination of stepping with postures and phases of gait is poor. We argue the timing and coordination problems are evidence of the loss of motor skill in walking. Taking a lesson from the sports world and from neurorehabilitation, task-oriented motor learning exercise is an essential component of training to improve motor skill and may be a beneficial approach to improving walking in older adults. In this article we: 1) briefly review the current literature regarding impairment-based interventions for improving mobility, 2) discuss why the results have been only modest, and 3) suggest an alternative approach to intervention (i.e. task oriented motor learning).