Low-platinum and platinum-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction at fuel cell cathodes
Low-platinum and platinum-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction at fuel cell cathodes
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DOI：
10.1039/c0ee00601g
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
32.5
通讯作者：
Palacin, Serge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morozan, Adina;Jousselme, Bruno;Palacin, Serge
燃料电池反应总是涉及阴极处的氧还原反应（ORR），这是聚合物电解质膜燃料电池（PEMFC）中的水形成反应和能量转换效率中铂（Pt）催化剂上的主要速率降低步骤之一。Pt的稀缺性和成本已经导致了用于燃料电池应用的替代催化剂材料的开发。本文综述了氧化还原催化剂的分类、反应机理、活性和性能。从传统的铂基催化剂到非贵金属或生物启发的催化剂，我们展示了ORR催化剂的重大进展。
Fuel cell reactions invariably involve an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode, which is one of the main rate-decreasing steps on platinum (Pt)-catalysts in the water formation reaction and energy conversion efficiency in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The Pt scarcity and cost have led to the development of alternative catalyst materials for fuel cell applications. This paper reviews ORR catalysts with regard to their classification, mechanism, activity and performances. From conventional Pt-based catalysts to non-noble metal or bio-inspired catalysts, we show how significant progresses were made in ORR catalysis.