The fourfold way of the genetic code
The fourfold way of the genetic code
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biosystems.2009.07.006
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Angel Jimenez-Montano, Miguel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Angel Jimenez-Montano, Miguel
我们描述了一个紧凑的遗传密码，分解表四元组表示。它代表了遗传语言的“最小语法”。RNA碱基和密码子双联体的Klein-4群结构证明了这一点。基的列向量和相应的行向量V-T =（C G U A）之间的外积矩阵被认为是信号向量，具有由作用于双重体AA的基变换的K × K群的四个陪集组成的块结构。这个矩阵，翻译成弱/强（W/S）和嘌呤/嘧啶（R/Y）核苷酸类，导致一个代码表与混合和未混合的家庭在不同的地区。它们之间的基本区别是非交换（R/Y）双峰：AC/CA，GU/UG。我们描述的规范码的退化和系统的变化，在偏离代码的因子24，采用模乘法组。我们说明二进制子码特征突变的四元组。我们引入决策树来预测对应于每个密码子的tRNA识别模式，并将我们的结果与Jestin和Soule的相关发现进行比较[Jestin，J.- L，Soule，C.，2007.遗传密码中碱基取代的对称性预测了tRNA的2'或3'氨基酰化。J. Theor Biol.247，391-394]和Delarue对表的重排[Delarue，M.，2007.密码子分配中的不对称潜在规则：通过连续的二元选择，遗传密码快速早期进化的可能线索。RNA 13，161-169]和Rodin和Rodin [Rodin，S.N.，Rodin，A. S.，2008.遗传密码的起源：在tRNA和氨酰-tRNA合成酶的原始互补性的签名。100，341-355）。(C)2009爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
We describe a compact representation of the genetic code that factorizes the table in quartets. It represents a "least grammar" for the genetic language. It is justified by the Klein-4 group structure of RNA bases and codon doublets. The matrix of the outer product between the column-vector of bases and the corresponding row-vector V-T = (C G U A), considered as signal vectors, has a block structure consisting of the four cosets of the K x K group of base transformations acting on doublet AA. This matrix, translated into weak/strong (W/S) and purine/pyrimidine (R/Y) nucleotide classes, leads to a code table with mixed and unmixed families in separate regions. A basic difference between them is the non-commuting (R/Y) doublets: AC/CA, GU/UG. We describe the degeneracy in the canonical code and the systematic changes in deviant codes in terms of the divisors of 24, employing modulo multiplication groups. We illustrate binary sub-codes characterizing mutations in the quartets. We introduce a decision-tree to predict the mode of tRNA recognition corresponding to each codon, and compare our result with related findings by Jestin and Soule [Jestin, J.-L, Soule, C., 2007. Symmetries by base substitutions in the genetic code predict 2' or 3' aminoacylation of tRNAs. J. Theor. Biol. 247, 391-394], and the rearrangements of the table by Delarue [Delarue, M., 2007. An asymmetric underlying rule in the assignment of codons: possible clue to a quick early evolution of the genetic code via successive binary choices. RNA 13, 161-169] and Rodin and Rodin [Rodin, S.N., Rodin, A.S., 2008. On the origin of the genetic code: signatures of its primordial complementarity in tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Heredity 100, 341-355], respectively. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.