Radical Reactions of Silanes
Radical Reactions of Silanes
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硅烷的自由基反应
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4613-3427-9_3
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Wilt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Wilt
硅是地壳中仅次于氧的最丰富的元素（占28%的重量），其化学性质也同样丰富。1尽管硅的化学性质在某种程度上被其同族碳的阴影及其压倒性的转变所掩盖，但硅的化学性质一直是一个日益重要的领域。两个令人震惊的反应，卤代硅烷的“直接合成”（1945年）2和过渡金属络合物催化的“氢化硅烷化”过程（1957年）/打开了有机硅化学的大门，即使这个主题可以追溯到相当早的时候。[4]直接合成使得硅树脂[5]可以在市场上买到，这一成就的重要性无需赘述。氢化硅烷化使成千上万种新的有机硅烷成为可能，6这反过来又导致了它们的进一步开发。显然，从如此丰富的信息中，我们必须在综述章节中有所选择。目前的任务是硅烷的自由基反应，这是有机硅化学中总财富的一小部分，实际上是缺少直接合成和主要类型的氢化硅烷化的一小部分。然而，即使在这里，仍在继续取得进展，这表明硅在此类工艺中的多功能性。优秀的早期汇编7-9这样的反应理应做一个仔细的工作引用重要的早期工作所载的这些评论以及新的发现。
Silicon, after oxygen the most abundant element in the earth's crust (28% by weight), has deservedly an equally abundant chemistry. 1 Although obscured somewhat by the shadow of its congener carbon and its overwhelming array of transformations, the chemistry of silicon has been an ever-increasing area of importance. Two astounding reactions, the" direct synthesis" of halosilanes (1945) 2 and the transition-metal-complex-catalyzed" hydrosilylation" process (1957)/opened the door to organosilicon chemistry especially, even though the subject dates back considerably prior to them both. 4 Direct synthesis made the silicones5 commercially available, and one need not elaborate on the significance of that achievement. Hydrosilylation made thousands of new organosilanes available, 6 which in turn led exponentially to their further exploitation.Clearly, from such an abundance of information available, one must necessarily be selective in a review chapter. The task at hand is the radical reactions of silanes, a rather small fraction of the total wealth residing in organosilicon chemistry and indeed a fraction missing both the direct synthesis and the major type of hydrosilylation. Yet even here advances continue to be made which indicate the versatility of silicon in this type of process. Excellent earlier compilations 7-9 of such reactions behoove one to do a careful job of citing the important earlier work contained in these reviews as well as new findings.