Real-world effectiveness of e-cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: a cross-sectional population study
Real-world effectiveness of e-cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: a cross-sectional population study
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DOI：
10.1111/add.12623
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
West, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Jamie;Beard, Emma;West, Robert
背景和目的电子香烟（e-cigarettes）正在迅速普及。两项随机对照试验表明，电子烟可以帮助戒烟，但有许多因素可能影响其在现实世界中的有效性。这项研究旨在使用一种既定的方法，评估电子烟用于帮助戒烟的有效性，与非处方购买的尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）和普通人群中的无辅助戒烟相比。设计和设置一个大的横截面调查的代表性样本的英国人口。该研究包括5863名在过去12个月内吸烟的成年人，并且在此期间至少有一次戒烟尝试，要么只使用电子烟（n = 464），要么只购买非处方药（n = 1922），要么在最近的戒烟尝试中没有帮助（n = 3477）。主要结果是自我报告的戒烟到调查时，调整关键的潜在混杂因素，包括尼古丁依赖。结果电子烟使用者比那些使用NRT购买非处方药的人更有可能报告戒烟[比值比（OR）= 2.23，95%置信区间（CI）= 1.70-2.93，20.0 vs 10.1%]或没有援助（OR = 1.38，95% CI = 1.08-1.76，20.0 vs 15.4%）。电子烟使用者不吸烟的调整后几率比非处方购买的NRT使用者高1.63倍（95%CI = 1.17-2.27），比不使用辅助工具的人高1.61倍（95%CI = 1.19-2.18）。在没有专业支持的情况下试图戒烟的吸烟者中，使用电子烟的人比使用非处方购买的许可NRT产品或没有戒烟帮助的人更有可能报告持续戒烟。在调整了一系列吸烟者特征（如尼古丁依赖）后，这种差异仍然存在。
Background and Aims Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are rapidly increasing in popularity. Two randomized controlled trials have suggested that e-cigarettes can aid smoking cessation, but there are many factors that could influence their real-world effectiveness. This study aimed to assess, using an established methodology, the effectiveness of e-cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation compared with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) bought over-the-counter and with unaided quitting in the general population. Design and Setting A large cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of the English population. Participants The study included 5863 adults who had smoked within the previous 12 months and made at least one quit attempt during that period with either an e-cigarette only (n = 464), NRT bought over-the-counter only (n = 1922) or no aid in their most recent quit attempt (n = 3477). Measurements The primary outcome was self-reported abstinence up to the time of the survey, adjusted for key potential confounders including nicotine dependence. Findings E-cigarette users were more likely to report abstinence than either those who used NRT bought over-the-counter [odds ratio (OR) = 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.70-2.93, 20.0 versus 10.1%] or no aid (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.08-1.76, 20.0 versus 15.4%). The adjusted odds of non-smoking in users of e-cigarettes were 1.63 (95% CI = 1.17-2.27) times higher compared with users of NRT bought over-the-counter and 1.61 (95% CI = 1.19-2.18) times higher compared with those using no aid. Conclusions Among smokers who have attempted to stop without professional support, those who use e-cigarettes are more likely to report continued abstinence than those who used a licensed NRT product bought over-the-counter or no aid to cessation. This difference persists after adjusting for a range of smoker characteristics such as nicotine dependence.