Modeling Social Dominance: Elo-Ratings, Prior History, and the Intensity of Aggression.
Modeling Social Dominance: Elo-Ratings, Prior History, and the Intensity of Aggression.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10764-017-9952-2
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Newton-Fisher NE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newton-Fisher NE
在社会物种的研究中，使用二元社会优势关系对个体进行排序是常见的做法。用于实现这一目标的elo评级方法是强大的，并且越来越受欢迎，特别是在非人类灵长类动物的研究中，但有两个缺陷阻碍了它的有效性：一个是模型不可靠的初始磨合期，一个是假设所有输赢相互作用对等级轨迹的影响是相等的。在这里，我提出的R代码通过对先前发表的功能进行两个修改来解决这些缺陷，并使用乌干达野生雄性黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes） 9个月的社会互动观察研究数据进行测试。我发现，在未经修改的情况下，R函数无法解决层次结构问题，其磨合期跨越了研究的大部分时间。使用修改后的函数，我将优势等级的先验知识和攻击强度的变化结合起来。这有效地消除了磨合期，产生了与喘息声（明确的从属证明）和实地观察方向一致的等级轨迹，并显示了等级与交配成功之间的明确关系。对于相对于攻击性互动频率较短的研究，对于被低质量或缺失数据期打乱的长期数据集，以及对于调查不同行为在推动社会主导地位变化中的相对重要性的项目，该功能可能特别有用。这项研究强调，在使用elo评级来模拟非人类灵长类动物和其他物种的社会支配地位时，需要谨慎。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1007/s10764-017-9952-2）包含补充内容，仅供授权用户使用。
Among studies of social species, it is common practice to rank individuals using dyadic social dominance relationships. The Elo-rating method for achieving this is powerful and increasingly popular, particularly among studies of nonhuman primates, but suffers from two deficiencies that hamper its usefulness: an initial burn-in period during which the model is unreliable and an assumption that all win–loss interactions are equivalent in their influence on rank trajectories. Here, I present R code that addresses these deficiencies by incorporating two modifications to a previously published function, testing this with data from a 9-mo observational study of social interactions among wild male chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Uganda. I found that, unmodified, the R function failed to resolve a hierarchy, with the burn-in period spanning much of the study. Using the modified function, I incorporated both prior knowledge of dominance ranks and varying intensities of aggression. This effectively eliminated the burn-in period, generating rank trajectories that were consistent with the direction of pant-grunt vocalizations (an unambiguous demonstration of subordinacy) and field observations, as well as showing a clear relationship between rank and mating success. This function is likely to be particularly useful in studies that are short relative to the frequency of aggressive interactions, for longer-term data sets disrupted by periods of lower quality or missing data, and for projects investigating the relative importance of differing behaviors in driving changes in social dominance. This study highlights the need for caution when using Elo-ratings to model social dominance in nonhuman primates and other species. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10764-017-9952-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.