High Dietary Diversity Supports Large Group Size in Indo-Chinese Gray Langurs in Wuliangshan, Yunnan, China
High Dietary Diversity Supports Large Group Size in Indo-Chinese Gray Langurs in Wuliangshan, Yunnan, China
复制标题
高度的饮食多样性支持中国云南无量山的印度支那灰叶猴的大群体规模
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22361
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Yang Junxing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fan Pengfei;Garber, Paul;Yang Junxing
确定灵长类种群大小的生态因素一直是灵长类行为生态学的中心主题。生态约束模型提出，群体规模的增加会导致群体内摄食竞争的加剧，这就需要增加旅行，以遇到更多或更具生产力的摄食地点。在三年的时间里，我们在中国无梁山对已知最大的黑尾猴种群(80只)进行了213天(包括96天)1738小时的研究。在此期间，群体规模从81只增加到90多只。在研究期间，这组人每月消耗27+/-8种(范围：15-51种)的植物器官，总共消耗148种植物。根据摄食时间，食谱(54.2%的树叶和32.1%的水果和种子)与其他共生动物的报告相似。尽管它们的栖息地比其他种类的竹节猴大好几倍，但我们没有发现随着种群规模的增加，每日路径长度增加的证据，而且尽管每月饮食模式发生了显著变化(例如，利用水果和种子与花蕾和幼叶、与成熟叶片相比，这些群体的时间预算和每日路径长度保持相对稳定)，但我们没有发现任何证据表明每日路径长度随着群体规模的增加而增加。这些结果与生态约束模型的许多预测不一致。相反，我们的数据表明，高度的饮食多样性和开发难以消化的食物的能力使印度支那灰叶猴减少了与群体规模增加相关的觅食竞争的机会。上午好。J.Primatol。2015年，77：479-491。(C)2014年威利期刊公司。
Identifying ecological factors underlying primate group size has been a central theme in primate behavioral ecology. The ecological constraints model proposes that increased group size leads to enhanced within-group feeding competition, necessitating increased travel to encounter additional or more productive feeding sites. Over the course of three years, we studied the largest known group (>80 individuals) of Trachypithecus crepusculus (Indo-Chinese gray langur) for 1738 hours during 213 days (including 96 full day follows) in Wuliangshan, China. During this period, group size increased from 81 individuals to over 90 individuals. The group consumed plant parts from 27 +/- 8 (range: 15-51) species per month, and a total 148 plant species during the study. Based on time spent feeding, the diet was similar (54.2% leaves and 32.1% fruit and seeds) to that reported for other colobines. Despite occupying a home range several times larger than other groups of Trachypithecus, we found no evidence of an increase in daily path length with increasing group size, and the group's time budget and daily path length remained relatively constant despite marked monthly changes in dietary pattern (e.g. time spent exploiting fruit and seeds vs. buds and young leaves, vs. mature leaves). These results are inconsistent with many of the predictions of the ecological constraints model. Rather, our data suggest that high dietary diversity and the ability to exploit difficult to digest foods enabled Indo-Chinese gray langurs to reduce opportunities for feeding competition associated with increased group size. Am. J. Primatol. 77:479-491, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.