Nanogels as imaging agents for modalities spanning the electromagnetic spectrum.
Nanogels as imaging agents for modalities spanning the electromagnetic spectrum.
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纳米凝胶作为跨越电磁谱的模态的成像剂。
DOI：
10.1039/c5mh00161g
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发表时间：
2016-01-21
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Almutairi A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chan M;Almutairi A
一个更新和详细的概述纳米凝胶成像剂的各种形式跨越电磁（EM）频谱。在过去的几十年中，成像设备和协议的进步已经扩大了成像在体内诊断和疾病管理中的作用，特别是在癌症中。传统的显像剂具有快速清除和疾病检测的低特异性。为了提高疾病识别、定位和评估的准确性，经常探索新型纳米材料作为成像剂以实现高检测特异性和灵敏度。用于此目的的一种有前途的材料是水凝胶纳米颗粒，其高度亲水性、生物相容性和纳米范围内的可调尺寸使其成为成像的理想材料。这些纳米凝胶（10至200 nm）可以避免网状内皮系统的吸收，允许比小分子更长的循环时间。此外，它们的尺寸/表面性质可以进一步定制，以优化它们的药代动力学，用于特定疾病的成像。在这里，我们提供了一个全面的审查纳米凝胶作为成像剂在各种形式的信号源跨越电磁波谱，包括MRI，NIR，UV-vis，PET。许多材料和配方方法将进行审查，以突出的多功能性纳米凝胶作为成像剂。
An updated and detailed overview of nanogel imaging agents for various modalities spanning the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. In the past few decades, advances in imaging equipment and protocols have expanded the role of imaging in in vivo diagnosis and disease management, especially in cancer. Traditional imaging agents have rapid clearance and low specificity for disease detection. To improve accuracy in disease identification, localization and assessment, novel nanomaterials are frequently explored as imaging agents to achieve high detection specificity and sensitivity. A promising material for this purpose are hydrogel nanoparticles, whose high hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and tunable size in the nanometer range make them ideal for imaging. These nanogels (10 to 200 nm) can circumvent uptake by the reticuloendothelial system, allowing longer circulation times than small molecules. In addition, their size/surface properties can be further tailored to optimize their pharmacokinetics for imaging of a particular disease. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of nanogels as imaging agents in various modalities with sources of signal spanning the electromagnetic spectrum, including MRI, NIR, UV-vis, and PET. Many materials and formulation methods will be reviewed to highlight the versatility of nanogels as imaging agents.