The Divergent Genomes of Teleosts
The Divergent Genomes of Teleosts
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-animal-030117-014821
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Venkatesh, Byrappa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ravi, Vydianathan;Venkatesh, Byrappa
硬骨鱼拥有近 30,000 种物种，占所有现存脊椎动物的一半，约占所有射线鳍鱼 (Actinopterygii) 物种的 98%。硬骨鱼也是最大、最多样化的脊椎动物群，表现出惊人的形态、生理和行为多样性。之前的研究表明，硬骨鱼谱系经历了一次额外的全基因组复制事件。最近以斑点鳝鱼（一种非硬骨鱼射线鳍鱼）和象鲨（一种软骨鱼）为外群对硬骨鱼和其他骨脊椎动物进行的比较基因组分析揭示了硬骨鱼基因组的几个不同特征。这些包括蛋白质编码和核苷酸序列的加速进化速度、更高的内含子周转率、许多潜在顺式调控元件的丢失和更短的保守同线性块。这些不同的基因组特征的组合可能有助于硬骨鱼惊人的表型多样性和形态创新的进化。
Boasting nearly 30,000 species, teleosts account for half of all extant vertebrates and approximately 98% of all ray-finned fish species (Actinopterygii). Teleosts are also the largest and most diverse group of vertebrates, exhibiting an astonishing level of morphological, physiological, and behavioral diversity. Previous studies had indicated that the teleost lineage has experienced an additional whole-genome duplication event. Recent comparative genomic analyses of teleosts and other bony vertebrates using spotted gar (a nonteleost ray-finned fish) and elephant shark (a cartilaginous fish) as outgroups have revealed several divergent features of teleost genomes. These include an accelerated evolutionary rate of protein-coding and nucleotide sequences, a higher rate of intron turnover, loss of many potential cis-regulatory elements and shorter conserved syntenic blocks. A combination of these divergent genomic features might have contributed to the evolution of the amazing phenotypic diversity and morphological innovations of teleosts.