Observation of sea surface height using airborne radar altimetry: a new approach for large offshore tsunami detection
Observation of sea surface height using airborne radar altimetry: a new approach for large offshore tsunami detection
复制标题
利用机载雷达测高仪观测海面高度：大型近海海啸探测的新方法
DOI：
10.1007/s10872-019-00521-w
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Takuji Waseda and Toshiyuki Hibiya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomoyuki Hirobe;Yoshihiro Niwa;Takahiro Endoh;Iyan E. Mulia;Daisuke Inazu;Takero Yoshida;Hidee Tatehata;Akitsugu Nadai;Takuji Waseda and Toshiyuki Hibiya
这项研究提出了用机载雷达探测大型近海海啸的建议。日本南部的高度计测量是由一架观测飞机沿着横跨黑潮洋流的Jason卫星轨道进行的。利用调频连续波(FM-CW)雷达和基于全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)的定位系统同时测量海面高度。SSH针对Jason-2和Jason-3卫星高度计SSH进行了验证。剔除大地水准面和潮汐信号后，观测误差在10厘米以内。这一规模足够小，足以在海啸发生后10分钟内捕捉到近海海啸。这一点由虚拟机载雷达从日本南部一次假想的大型离岸海啸中探测到的SSH中得到证明。讨论了利用装有高度计的商用飞机建立密集海啸观测网的可行性和局限性。建议的方法可以适用于各种新兴的空中平台，如无人驾驶飞行器。此外，从海洋学的角度来看，SSH观测的密集覆盖是非常宝贵的。
This study proposes the detection of large offshore tsunamis by airborne radar. Altimeter measurements were carried out south of Japan by an observational aircraft along the Jason satellite tracks crossing over the Kuroshio Current. A nadir-pointing frequency-modulated continuous wave (FM-CW) radar and a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) based positioning system were concurrently used to measure the sea surface height (SSH). The SSH was validated against the Jason-2 and Jason-3 satellite altimeter SSH. After the removal of the geoid and tidal signals, the observation error was less than 10 cm. This is sufficiently small to capture offshore tsunamis within 10 min after the genesis. This was demonstrated by virtual airborne radar-detected SSH from a numerically simulated hypothetical large offshore tsunami south of Japan. The feasibilities and limitations of utilizing commercial airplanes with altimeters to create a dense tsunami observation network are discussed. The suggested methodology can be adapted to various emerging airborne platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles. Moreover, a dense coverage of SSH observations is invaluable from an oceanographic point of view.