Membrane Organization and Lipid Rafts
Membrane Organization and Lipid Rafts
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a004697
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Sampaio, Julio L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simons, Kai;Sampaio, Julio L.
细胞膜由脂质双分子层组成，包含跨越双分子层和/或与两个小叶两侧的脂质相互作用的蛋白质。尽管最近脂质分析的进展表明真核细胞的膜含有数百种不同的脂质，但这种脂质多样性的功能仍然是谜。细胞膜的基本结构是脂质双分子层，由两个相对的小叶组成，形成具有迷人特性的二维液体，用于执行细胞所需的功能。为了协调这些功能，双分子层已经进化出了横向分离其成分的倾向。这种能力是基于动态的液-液不混相，是膜亚区隔概念的基础。这一原理结合了鞘脂-胆固醇自组装的潜力和蛋白质特异性来聚焦和调节膜的生物活性。在这里，我们将回顾新兴的膜结构原理，特别强调脂质组织和结构域的形成。
Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer, containing proteins that span the bilayer and/or interact with the lipids on either side of the two leaflets. Although recent advances in lipid analytics show that membranes in eukaryotic cells contain hundreds of different lipid species, the function of this lipid diversity remains enigmatic. The basic structure of cell membranes is the lipid bilayer, composed of two apposing leaflets, forming a two-dimensional liquid with fascinating properties designed to perform the functions cells require. To coordinate these functions, the bilayer has evolved the propensity to segregate its constituents laterally. This capability is based on dynamic liquid-liquid immiscibility and underlies the raft concept of membrane subcompartmentalization. This principle combines the potential for sphingolipid-cholesterol self-assembly with protein specificity to focus and regulate membrane bioactivity. Here we will review the emerging principles of membrane architecture with special emphasis on lipid organization and domain formation.