The reliability of a model influences 14-month-olds' imitation
The reliability of a model influences 14-month-olds' imitation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2010.03.002
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Daum, Moritz M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zmyj, Norbert;Buttelmann, David;Daum, Moritz M.
人类婴儿要想成为他们文化中的正式成员，需要从别人那里学到大量的东西。因此，重要的是他们从可靠的模式中学习，而不是从不可靠的模式中学习。在两个实验中，我们调查了14个月大的婴儿是否(A)模仿工具动作，(B)根据模型先前的可靠性而不同地采用模型的个人偏好。给婴儿们看了一系列视频，视频中模特对熟悉的物体有能力或不能力地采取行动。然后，他们观看相同的模型演示一个物体上的新动作(模仿任务)，并优先选择两个新物体中的一个(偏好任务)。婴儿对新动作的模仿受到模型先前可靠性的影响；当模型可靠时，他们模仿动作的频率更高。然而，他们对其中一个新奇物体的偏好并没有受到模型先前可靠性的影响。我们的结论是，在14个月大的时候，婴儿在学习新动作时就会区分可靠和不可靠的模型。(C)2010 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Human infants have an enormous amount to learn from others to become full-fledged members of their culture. Thus, it is important that they learn from reliable, rather than unreliable, models. In two experiments, we investigated whether 14-month-olds (a) imitate instrumental actions and (b) adopt the individual preferences of a model differently depending on the model's previous reliability. Infants were shown a series of videos in which a model acted on familiar objects either competently or incompetently. They then watched as the same model demonstrated a novel action on an object (imitation task) and preferentially chose one of two novel objects (preference task). Infants' imitation of the novel action was influenced by the model's previous reliability; they copied the action more often when the model had been reliable. However, their preference for one of the novel objects was not influenced by the model's previous reliability. We conclude that already by 14 months of age, infants discriminate between reliable and unreliable models when learning novel actions. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.