The traveller and emerging infections: sentinel, courier, transmitter
The traveller and emerging infections: sentinel, courier, transmitter
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2672.94.s1.1.x
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发表时间：
2003-04
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Mary E. Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mary E. Wilson
人口的流动塑造了全球传染病的模式和分布。旅行的后果在旅行者身上以及在所访问的地方和人口中可见，并可能在旅行后长期存在。旅行者可以被看作是一个相互作用的生物单元，它拾取、处理、携带和丢弃微生物遗传物质。旅行者可以在没有疾病迹象或症状的情况下引入潜在的病原体。旅行者可以作为一个监测人口;对他们的研究可以提供关于其他地理区域传染病的存在和风险程度的深入了解。旅行者也可以被视为信使，他们无意中将病原体和微生物遗传物质运送到研究人员可以进行详细分析的地区，这些分析有助于绘制菌株、基因型和耐药性模式的位置和移动。实验室在病原体的鉴定和定性方面发挥着关键作用，这可以为个体患者的管理和公共卫生反应提供信息。当今世界的连通性和流动性促进了人类以及动物和植物中传染病的出现。许多传统的障碍已经被旅行、道路和技术打破。人口规模和密度有利于许多感染的传播。微生物的快速生成时间及其适应物理化学和免疫环境变化的能力将构成持续的挑战。
The movement of populations shapes the patterns and distribution of infectious diseases globally. The consequences of travel are seen in the traveller and in places and populations visited and may persist long after travel. The traveller can be seen as an interactive biological unit who picks up, processes, carries and drops off microbial genetic material. A traveller can introduce potential pathogens in the absence of signs or symptoms of illness. Travellers can serve as a sentinel population; study of them can provide insights into the presence and level of risk of transmission of infections in other geographical regions. Travellers can also be seen as couriers who inadvertently ferry pathogens and microbial genetic material to regions where researchers can carry out detailed analyses that can help to map the location and movement of strains, genotypes and resistance patterns. The laboratory plays a key role in the identification and characterization of pathogens, which can inform management of individual patients and the public health response. The connectedness and mobility in the world today facilitate the emergence of infectious diseases in humans and also in animals and plants. Many traditional barriers have been breached by travel, roads and technology. Population size and density favour spread of many infections. The rapid generation time of microbes and their capacity to adapt to changes in the physico-chemical and immunological environment will pose continuing challenges.