Developmental delay in young children in child welfare by initial placement type
Developmental delay in young children in child welfare by initial placement type
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DOI：
10.1002/imhj.10030
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Gist, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leslie, LK;Gordon, JN;Gist, K
据估计，在家庭外寄养的儿童中，发育迟缓的比例在13- 62%之间。在这些研究中忽略了对儿童最初安置类型（即，亲生父母，亲属照顾，或非亲属寄养）后，评估可能的虐待和/或忽视。居住在这些不同安置类型的儿童的发育状况值得临床医生和政策制定者进一步审查，特别是由于最近的趋势，家庭保护的努力和越来越多的使用亲属照顾。收集了798名3-36个月大的儿童的数据，这些儿童从1998年4月1日到1999年6月30日被送进圣地亚哥唯一的紧急收容所/接收设施，以调查涉嫌虐待的情况。入院的儿童接受了身体检查和使用丹佛发展筛查测试（丹佛-II）的发展筛查。62%的儿童（491）在丹佛发展筛查测试11（丹佛-II）中得分为“可疑”。在这些儿童中，73%接受了使用Bayley婴儿发展量表11（Bayley-II）的发展评估。超过34%的儿童在Bayley-II的至少一个组件上的得分低于平均值2个标准差，无论放置类型如何。虽然在Denver-II上有“可疑”分数的儿童更有可能被安置在非亲属寄养家庭（p <0.013），但在Bayley-II上有延迟的儿童的安置类型之间没有差异。释放给亲生父母的儿童的结果应被视为初步结果，因为与其他儿童相比，这些儿童接受评估的可能性较小。然而，研究结果表明，幼儿放置在亲属照顾的基础上，Bayley-II，作为那些儿童放置在nonrelative寄养可能会发展迟缓。考虑到文献中的关切，亲属照顾的儿童比非亲属寄养的儿童得到更少的服务，这一发现需要进一步调查。
Estimates of developmental delay in children in out-of-home foster care range from 13-62%. Overlooked in these studies are comparisons of developmental delay differentiated by a child's initial placement type (i.e., biological parent, kinship care, or nonrelative foster care) following evaluation for possible abuse and/or neglect. The developmental status of children residing in these different placement types warrants further scrutiny by clinicians and policy makers, especially due to the recent trend towards family preservation efforts and the growing use of kinship care. Data were collected on 798 children, ages 3-36 months, who were admitted to San Diego's sole emergency shelter/receiving facility from April 1, 1998 through June 30, 1999 for investigation of alleged maltreatment. Children admitted received a physical exam and developmental screening using the Denver Developmental Screening Test (Denver-II). Sixty two percent of children (491) scored "suspect" on the Denver Developmental Screening Test 11 (Denver-II). Of these children, 73% received a developmental evaluation using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development 11 (Bayley-II). Over 34% of these children evaluated scored more than 2 standard deviations below the mean on at least one component of the Bayley-II regardless of placement type. Although children with "suspect" scores on the Denver-II were more likely to be placed in nonrelative foster care (p < .013), there was no difference between placement types for children with delay on the Bayley-II. Results for children released to their biological parent(s) should be viewed as preliminary, because these children were less likely to receive an evaluation compared to other children. However, results suggest that young children placed in kinship care are as likely to be developmentally delayed, based on the Bayley-II, as those children placed in nonrelative foster care. Given concerns in the literature that children in kinship care receive fewer services than children in nonrelative foster care, this finding bears further investigation.