Regulation and role of large granular lymphocytes in arenavirus infections.
Regulation and role of large granular lymphocytes in arenavirus infections.
复制标题
大颗粒淋巴细胞在沙粒病毒感染中的调节和作用。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-71726-0_8
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Welsh,RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Welsh,RM
细胞毒性淋巴细胞具有相对较大的含嗜天青颗粒的细胞毒性，通常称为大颗粒淋巴细胞或LGL（Timonen和Saksela 1980）。颗粒似乎含有在效应细胞与靶细胞结合时释放的细胞毒性物质（Mallardet等人，1981）。它们附着在靶细胞膜上，并通过不确定的机制诱导靶细胞裂解（Mallardet al. 1984; PodackandDennert 1983;Hiserodtet al. 1983; Wessert al. 1981）。自然杀伤（NK）细胞（Timonen和Saksela，1980;Luiniet al. 1981; Cholomyal. 1981）和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）（Bironet al. 1986 a）都具有LGL形态，但在健康动物中，绝大多数LGL似乎是NK细胞。NK细胞是胸腺非依赖性骨髓来源的淋巴细胞，其具有通过不明确的受体在接触各种靶细胞时裂解的能力，并且没有已知的特异性或抗原记忆（Welsh 1984综述）。这些与CTL不同，CTL是胸腺来源的淋巴细胞，具有T细胞受体基因重排和表达，在杀伤过程中赋予高水平的特异性。静息T细胞具有小淋巴细胞的形态，具有不显著的细胞增殖，但在病毒感染过程中被激活的CTL发展为LGL形态（Bironet等，1986 a）。因此，在病毒感染后期发现的大多数LGL属于T细胞表型。
Cytotoxic lymphocytes have relatively large cytoplasms containing azurophilic granules and are frequently referred to as large granular lymphocytes, or LGL (TimonenandSaksela1980). The granules appear to contain cytotoxic substances that are released upon binding of effector cell to target cell (Mallardet al. 1981). These attach to the membrane of the target cell, and, by uncertain mechanisms, induce lysis of the target (Mallardet al. 1984;PodackandDennert1983;Hiserodtet al. 1983;Wrightet al. 1981). Both natural killer (NK) cells (TimonenandSaksela1980;Luiniet al. 1981;Reynoldset al. 1981) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) (Bironet al. 1986 a) bear LGL morphology, but in the healthy animal the great majority of LGL appear to be NK cells. NK cells are thymus-independent bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that have the ability to lyse on contact a variety of target cells via ill-defined receptors and with no known specificity or antigenic memory (reviewed byWelsh1984). These are distinguished from CTL, which are thymus-derived lymphocytes having T-cell receptor gene rearrangement and expression, conferring a high level of specificity in the killing process. Resting T cells have the morphology of small lymphocytes with unremarkable cytoplasms, but the CTL that are activated during the course of a virus infection develop LGL morphology (Bironet al. 1986a). As a result, most of the LGL found at later stages in a virus infection belong to the T-cell phenotype.