Advanced Control Strategies for Active Vibration Suppression in Laser Cutting Machines
Advanced Control Strategies for Active Vibration Suppression in Laser Cutting Machines
复制标题
激光切割机主动振动抑制的先进控制策略
DOI：
10.20965/ijat.2015.p0425
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Lepper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Denkena;M. Eckl;T. Lepper
由于能源需求的不断增长，轻质材料的使用变得越来越重要，特别是在航空航天和汽车工程中。由于其高强度重量比，碳纤维增强塑料（CFRP）正越来越多地取代金属。这些材料通常通过铣削操作进行机加工。它们的主要问题是高刀具磨损、热损伤和表面完整性。本文提出了一种用激光切割代替铣削的机床概念和控制策略。由于在激光切割操作期间需要高的恒定轨迹速度，因此需要高动态机床。传统的机床需要很大的惯性，因此不适合这项任务。因此，研究了具有附加激光扫描器和轻型移动部件的门式机器概念。为了提高路径精度，两种控制策略的实施和分析在多体仿真。一种方法是使用频率分离滤波器，而第二种是基于使用卡尔曼滤波器的工具中心点定位误差的估计。位于工具中心点（TCP）附近的加速度传感器或驱动电流信号可用作卡尔曼滤波器的输入。本文对两种输入信号进行了研究和比较。结果表明，这些控制策略，高动态轨迹可以实现高精度。
Due to rising energy requirements, the use of lowweight materials is becoming more important, especially in aerospace and automotive engineering. Because of their high strength-to-weight ratio, carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are increasingly replacing metals. These materials are usually machined by milling operations. Their main problems are high tool wear, thermal damage, and surface integrity. This paper presents a machine concept and control strategy to substitute milling with laser cutting. Because a high, constant-trajectory velocity is required during laser cutting operations, a highly dynamic machine tool is needed. Conventional machine tools requiring large workspaces are inertial and therefore unsuitable for this task. Thus, a portal machine concept was investigated with an additional laser scanner and lightweight moving components. To increase path accuracy, two control strategies were implemented and analyzed in a multi-body simulation. One approach is to use a frequency-separating filter, while the second is based on estimation of tool center point positioning error using a Kalman filter. An acceleration sensor located near the tool center point (TCP) or the drive current signal can be used as input for the Kalman filter. Both input signals are investigated and compared in this paper. Results presented in this paper show that with these control strategies, highly dynamic trajectories can be realized with high precision.