Metabolic Consequences and Vulnerability to Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice under Chronic Social Stress
Metabolic Consequences and Vulnerability to Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice under Chronic Social Stress
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0004331
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发表时间：
2009-01-30
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Palanza, Paola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bartolomucci, Alessandro;Cabassi, Aderville;Palanza, Paola
社会和心理因素与遗传倾向和饮食习惯相互作用，决定肥胖。然而，涉及心理社会因素在代谢紊乱中的作用的临床前研究相对较少。我们实验室之前的研究在雄性小鼠中证明：1）在慢性社会心理压力下对体重增加产生相反的状态依赖性影响； 2）单独饲养的（Ind）雄性小鼠体重减轻。在本研究中，这些观察得到了扩展，以提供成年 CD-1 雄性小鼠慢性社会心理压力和个体饲养的代谢后果的全面表征。结果证实，在喂食标准饮食的小鼠中，主导（Dom）和Ind具有负能量平衡，而从属（Sub）具有正能量平衡。 Sub 的运动活性降低，Dom 的运动活性增强。 Dom 和 Sub 出现吞咽过多，Ind 出现吞咽不足。Dom 还表现出内脏脂肪垫重量的持续减少以及去甲肾上腺素浓度的增加和性腺周围脂肪垫中脂肪细胞直径的减小。相反，在高脂肪饮食下，Sub 和令人惊讶的是 Ind 表现出更高的水平，而 Dom 则表现出较低的与食欲过盛相关的肥胖的脆弱性。总之，我们证明了慢性压力下的社会地位和个体住房对小鼠的代谢功能有不同的、有时是相反的方向的深刻影响。食物摄入、对美味食物的享乐反应以及脂肪垫内的运动活动和交感神经激活都代表了解释所观察到的不同代谢变化的因果因素。总的来说，这项研究表明，临床前动物模型为研究慢性压力暴露和相关精神病理学的代谢后果提供了合适的工具。
Social and psychological factors interact with genetic predisposition and dietary habit in determining obesity. However, relatively few pre-clinical studies address the role of psychosocial factors in metabolic disorders. Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated in male mice: 1) opposite status-dependent effect on body weight gain under chronic psychosocial stress; 2) a reduction in body weight in individually housed (Ind) male mice. In the present study these observations were extended to provide a comprehensive characterization of the metabolic consequences of chronic psychosocial stress and individual housing in adult CD-1 male mice. Results confirmed that in mice fed standard diet, dominant (Dom) and Ind had a negative energy balance while subordinate (Sub) had a positive energy balance. Locomotor activity was depressed in Sub and enhanced in Dom. Hyperphagia emerged for Dom and Sub and hypophagia for Ind. Dom also showed a consistent decrease of visceral fat pads weight as well as increased norepinephrine concentration and smaller adipocytes diameter in the perigonadal fat pad. On the contrary, under high fat diet Sub and, surprisingly, Ind showed higher while Dom showed lower vulnerability to obesity associated with hyperphagia. In conclusion, we demonstrated that social status under chronic stress and individual housing deeply affect mice metabolic functions in different, sometime opposite, directions. Food intake, the hedonic response to palatable food as well as the locomotor activity and the sympathetic activation within the adipose fat pads all represent causal factors explaining the different metabolic alterations observed. Overall this study demonstrates that pre-clinical animal models offer a suitable tool for the investigation of the metabolic consequences of chronic stress exposure and associated psychopathologies.