S-Palmitoylation and Sterol Interactions Mediate Antiviral Specificity of IFITMs.

S-Palmitoylation and Sterol Interactions Mediate Antiviral Specificity of IFITMs.
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DOI:
10.1021/acschembio.2c00176
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发表时间:
2022-08-19
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Hang, Howard C.
Hang, Howard C.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Das, Tandrila;Yang, Xinglin;Lee, Hwayoung;Garst, Emma H.;Valencia, Estefania;Chandran, Kartik;Im, Wonpil;Hang, Howard C.

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干扰素诱导的跨膜蛋白(IFITM1、2和3)是重要的抗病毒蛋白,对许多病毒具有活性,包括甲型流感病毒(IAV)、登革热病毒(DENV)、埃博拉病毒(EBOV)、寨卡病毒(ZIKV)和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)。 IFITM 蛋白表现出活性特异性,但其独特的作用和调节机制尚不清楚。由于 S-棕榈酰化和胆固醇稳态对于病毒感染至关重要,我们通过哺乳动物细胞中的光亲和交联以及体外分子动力学模拟和核磁共振分析研究了 IFITM 与胆固醇的相互作用。这些研究表明,胆固醇可以直接与细胞中的 S-棕榈酰化 IFITM 相互作用,并改变膜双层中 IFITM 的构象。值得注意的是,我们发现 S-棕榈酰化水平调节 IFITM 蛋白与哺乳动物细胞中胆固醇的差异相互作用以及针对 IAV、SARS-CoV-2 和 EBOV 的抗病毒活性的特异性。我们的研究表明,IFITM S-棕榈酰化水平的调节和胆固醇相互作用会影响宿主对不同病毒的易感性。
Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITM1, 2 and 3) are important antiviral proteins that are active against many viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV), dengue virus (DENV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). IFITM proteins exhibit specificity in activity, but their distinct mechanisms of action and regulation are unclear. Since S-palmitoylation and cholesterol homeostasis are crucial for viral infections, we investigated IFITM interactions with cholesterol by photoaffinity crosslinking in mammalian cells along with molecular dynamic simulations and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis in vitro. These studies suggest that cholesterol can directly interact with S-palmitoylated IFITMs in cells and alter the conformation of IFITMs in membrane bilayers. Notably, we discovered that the S-palmitoylation levels regulate differential IFITM protein interactions with cholesterol in mammalian cells and specificity of antiviral activity towards IAV, SARS-CoV-2 and EBOV. Our studies suggest that modulation of IFITM S-palmitoylation levels and cholesterol interaction influence host susceptibility to different viruses.
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