Effects of Caller Activity and Habitat Visibility on Contact Call Rate of Wild Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata)
Effects of Caller Activity and Habitat Visibility on Contact Call Rate of Wild Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata)
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.20597
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Sugiura, Hideki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koda, Hiroki;Shimooka, Yukiko;Sugiura, Hideki
在非人灵长类动物中，联系呼叫的一个主要功能是维持群体中个体之间的空间凝聚力。空间/视觉与群体分离的风险可能会影响听觉接触行为，特别是通过增加呼叫率。我们测试是否分离的风险影响咕咕叫排放调查的变化，在两个野生种群的日本猕猴（猕猴fuscata）的行为背景之间的呼叫率。我们专注于呼叫者活动和栖息地内的可见度作为介导呼叫率的主要潜在因素。我们首先估计了日本屋久岛（YK）和金刚山岛（KZ）两个研究地点的栖息地可见度。生境可见度YK明显比KZ受限。然后，我们比较了两个野生种群之间的20个成年和12个少年雌性猕猴的呼叫率，以研究环境差异的潜在影响。这两个种群在梳理过程中的呼叫率低于在进食和移动过程中的呼叫率，这是与较高的个体间距离相关的行为。呼叫率的YK成年女性显着大于青少年和KZ成年女性，独立的活动。随着猕猴的成熟，呼叫率在YK种群中增加，但在KZ种群中没有，这表明两个种群的接触呼叫涉及不同的发育过程。我们的研究结果表明，分离风险影响呼叫率，也暗示了社会影响的可能性，社会结构的变化对呼叫率的影响。Am. J. Primatol. 70：1055-1063，2008. (c)2008 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
A major function of contact calls in nonhuman primates is to maintain spatial cohesion among individuals in a group. The risks of spatial/visual separation from the group are likely to affect auditory contact behavior, in particular by increasing the call rate. We tested whether the risk of separation influences coo call emission by investigating the variation in call rate among behavioral contexts in two wild populations of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). We focused on caller activity and the degree of visibility within the habitat as primary potential factors mediating call rate. We first estimated the habitat visibility of the two research sites at Yakushima Island (YK) and Kinkazan Island (KZ), Japan. The habitat visibility of YK was significantly more restricted than that of KZ. We then compared the call rate of 20 adult and 12 juvenile female macaques between the two wild populations to examine the potential effects of environmental differences. Both populations had a lower call rate during grooming than during feeding and moving, which are behaviors associated to higher interindividual distances. The call rate of YK adult females was significantly greater than that of both juveniles and KZ adult females, independently of activity. The call rate increased as macaques matured in the YK population, but not in the KZ population, suggesting that different developmental processes involved in contact calling of the two populations. Our findings suggest that separation risk influences call rate, and also imply a possibility of social influence that social structure change effects on the call rates. Am. J. Primatol. 70:1055-1063, 2008. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.