Positive parenting predicts cortisol functioning six years later in young adults.
Positive parenting predicts cortisol functioning six years later in young adults.
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积极的养育方式可以预测六年后年轻人体内皮质醇的功能。
DOI：
10.1111/desc.12461
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Haggerty,KevinP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shirtcliff,ElizabethA;Skinner,MartieL;Obasi,EzemenariM;Haggerty,KevinP
研究表明，不良经历会影响下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的功能，这说明社会环境“渗入皮肤”。本研究扩展了这一文献，研究是否积极的社会力量也可以影响皮质醇的功能。我们对300多名青年进行了前瞻性调查，其中一半是白色，一半是黑人。作为一名8年级学生，观察或报告了对积极行为的依恋、结合和父母奖励。六年后，当年轻人成为年轻人（平均年龄20岁）时，对唾液皮质醇进行了12次重复测量。研究了种族差异。更强的依恋，结合和青少年报告的积极育儿预测高清醒皮质醇和陡峭的昼夜斜率六年后。这种影响是非线性的和累加的，例如，社会环境的特点是最强的依恋，结合和奖励父母关系的年轻人有最高的清醒皮质醇。当种族的影响是温和的，研究结果是这样的积极养育与HPA功能的联系更一致的白色比黑人青年。研究结果表明，积极的方面，飞行环境也可以“得到皮肤下”，这些影响是加性的一系列飞行指数。这些研究结果吻合新兴的文学社会支持的强大作用，塑造身体的压力反应系统，并解释为符合自适应校准模型，这表明皮质醇调节可以有适应性的意义。这篇文章的视频摘要可以在https://youtu.be/8evHXpt_TXM上查看。
Research which indicates that adverse experiences influence hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis functioning illustrates the social environment ‘getting under the skin’. The present study extended this literature by examining whether positive social forces within the caregiving environment can also impact cortisol functioning. We conducted a prospective investigation of over 300 youth, half of whom were White and half were Black. Attachment, bonding and parental rewards for positive behaviors were observed or reported by the youth as an 8th grader. Twelve repeated measures of salivary cortisol were examined six years later when youth were young adults (mean age 20). Race differences were explored. Stronger attachment, bonding and teen‐reported positive parenting were predictive of high waking cortisol and steeper diurnal slopes six years later. This effect was nonlinear and additive, such that youth whose social contexts were characterized by the strongest attachment, bonding and rewarding parental relationships had the highest waking cortisol. When effects were moderated by race, findings were such that links of positive parenting with HPA functioning were more consistent for White than Black youth. Findings suggest that positive aspects of the caregiving environment can also ‘get under the skin’ and these effects are additive across a range of caregiving indices. These findings dovetail with an emerging literature on the powerful role of social support for shaping the body's stress response system and are interpreted as consistent with the Adaptive Calibration Model which suggests that cortisol regulation can have adaptive significance. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: https://youtu.be/8evHXpt_TXM.