THE EVOLUTION OF STRONG REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION
THE EVOLUTION OF STRONG REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00622.x
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Rodriguez de Cara, Maria Angeles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barton, Nicholas H.;Rodriguez de Cara, Maria Angeles
Felsenstein区分了选择可以直接加强隔离的两种方式。第一，一个加强前合子隔离的修饰基因在任何地方都是有利的。这符合传统观点，即强化是一种适应，通过加强排斥性交配来减少有害的杂交。第二，选择可以促进不同不亲和性之间的关联，尽管重组。我们推广这种“两个等位基因”的模型，以遵循任何数量的不相容性之间的关联，其中可能包括品种和杂交不活力。我们的主要论点是，这种不相容性之间的耦合过程可能与通常的强化观点截然不同：强烈的隔离可以通过任何类型的不相容性的耦合而进化，无论是前合子还是后合子。单基因座不相容性成为耦合，因为它们之间的关联增加了相容性的方差，如果存在正上位性，这反过来又增加了平均适合度。多个不相容性，每一个都由上位性维持，可以以同样的方式耦合。相反，单基因座不亲和性可以与降低单倍体杂种生存力的基因座偶联，因为这减少了有害的重组。我们得到简单的近似的限制紧密连锁，和强大的分类，并显示如何分类等位基因可以通过与其他组件的生殖隔离的协会入侵。
Felsenstein distinguished two ways by which selection can directly strengthen isolation. First, a modifier that strengthens prezygotic isolation can be favored everywhere. This fits with the traditional view of reinforcement as an adaptation to reduce deleterious hybridization by strengthening assortative mating. Second, selection can favor association between different incompatibilities, despite recombination. We generalize this "two allele" model to follow associations among any number of incompatibilities, which may include both assortment and hybrid inviability. Our key argument is that this process, of coupling between incompatibilities, may be quite different from the usual view of reinforcement: strong isolation can evolve through the coupling of any kind of incompatibility, whether prezygotic or postzygotic. Single locus incompatibilities become coupled because associations between them increase the variance in compatibility, which in turn increases mean fitness if there is positive epistasis. Multiple incompatibilities, each maintained by epistasis, can become coupled in the same way. In contrast, a single-locus incompatibility can become coupled with loci that reduce the viability of haploid hybrids because this reduces harmful recombination. We obtain simple approximations for the limits of tight linkage, and strong assortment, and show how assortment alleles can invade through associations with other components of reproductive isolation.