Implications of scavenger receptors in the safe development of nanotherapeutics.
Implications of scavenger receptors in the safe development of nanotherapeutics.
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DOI：
10.14800/rci.811
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brown JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shannahan JH;Bai W;Brown JM
纳米材料（NM）被用于各种生物医学应用，包括药物递送、诊断和治疗靶向。这些应用之所以成为可能，是因为在纳米级上表现出独特的物理化学性质。为了确保NM的安全开发用于临床使用，有必要了解它们与细胞，特别是细胞表面受体的相互作用，这将促进它们的毒性和/或临床功能。最近，我们的研究和其他人已经研究了清道夫受体在介导NM-细胞相互作用和反应中的作用。清道夫受体由在临床使用期间首先遇到NM的多种细胞类型表达，例如巨噬细胞和内皮细胞。清道夫受体被认为促进从外源物质到内源性脂质/蛋白质的各种配体的摄取。虽然NM与清道夫受体的相互作用在某些情况下可以允许治疗靶向，但它也对NM的隐形递送和避免这类受体的清除能力提出了挑战。由于它们在促进免疫应答中的作用，清道夫受体介导的炎症也是NM递送后的关注点。在这篇简短的综述中强调的研究旨在总结我们目前对NM-清道夫受体相互作用后果的理解。
Nanomaterials (NMs) are being utilized in a variety of biomedical applications including drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic targeting. These applications are made possible due to the unique physicochemical properties that are exhibited at the nanoscale. To ensure safe development of NMs for clinical use, it is necessary to understand their interactions with cells and specifically cell surface receptors, which will facilitate either their toxicity and/or clinical function. Recently our research and others have investigated the role of scavenger receptors in mediating NM-cell interactions and responses. Scavenger receptors are expressed by a variety of cell types that are first to encounter NMs during clinical use such as macrophages and endothelial cells. Scavenger receptors are recognized to facilitate uptake of a wide variety of ligands ranging from foreign substances to endogenous lipids/proteins. While interaction of NMs with scavenger receptors may allow therapeutic targeting in some instances, it also presents a challenge for the stealth delivery of NMs and avoidance of the scavenging capability of this class of receptors. Due to their role in facilitating immune responses, scavenger receptor-mediated inflammation is also of concern following NM delivery. The research highlighted in this brief review intends to summarize our current understanding regarding the consequences of NM-scavenger receptor interactions.