Dietary fatty acids influence the production of Th1‐ but not Th2‐type cytokines
Dietary fatty acids influence the production of Th1‐ but not Th2‐type cytokines
复制标题
DOI：
10.1189/jlb.69.3.449
复制
发表时间：
2001-03
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
F. Wallace;E. Miles;Carl Evans;Theresa E. Stock;P. Yaqoob;P. Calder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Wallace;E. Miles;Carl Evans;Theresa E. Stock;P. Yaqoob;P. Calder
C57 B16小鼠以低脂饮食或高脂饮食喂养6周，高脂饮食含有椰子油（富含饱和脂肪酸），红花油[富含n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）]或鱼油（富含n-3 PUFA）作为主要脂肪来源。脾淋巴细胞的脂肪酸组成受饲料的影响。在喂食椰子油饲料后，伴刀豆球蛋白A刺激的脾淋巴细胞中的胸苷掺入和白细胞介素（IL）-2的产生最高。干扰素（IFN）-γ的产生减少了红花油或鱼油喂养。IL-4的产生不受饮食的显著影响，尽管来自鱼油喂养小鼠的淋巴细胞的产生最低。对于喂食红花油或鱼油饲料的小鼠，Th 1型与Th 2型细胞因子的产生比率（确定为IFN-γ/IL-4比率）较低。培养4小时后，喂食椰子油的小鼠细胞中IL-2 mRNA水平较高，喂食椰子油或红花油的小鼠细胞中IFN-γ mRNA水平较高。培养8小时后，IL-2、IFN-γ和IL-4 mRNA水平在喂食鱼油的小鼠细胞中最低。IFN-γ mRNA与IL-4 mRNA相对水平的比值在喂食椰子油的小鼠细胞中最高，在喂食鱼油的小鼠细胞中最低。在体外检查了单个脂肪酸对小鼠脾淋巴细胞产生IL-2的影响。虽然所有脂肪酸都以浓度依赖性方式降低IL-2的产生，但饱和脂肪酸的效力最低，n-3 PUFA是最有效的抑制剂，n-6 PUFA的效力介于两者之间。得出结论，饱和脂肪酸对细胞因子产生的影响最小。相比之下，PUFA可抑制Th 1型细胞因子的产生，对Th 2型细胞因子的影响很小; n-3 PUFA特别有效。脂肪酸对细胞因子产生的影响似乎在基因表达水平上发挥作用。
C57Bl6 mice were fed for 6 weeks on a low‐fat diet or on high‐fat diets containing coconut oil (rich in saturated fatty acids), safflower oil [rich in n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)], or fish oil (rich in n‐3 PUFAs) as the main fat sources. The fatty acid composition of the spleen lymphocytes was influenced by that of the diet fed. Thymidine incorporation into concanavalin A‐stimulated spleen lymphocytes and interleukin (IL)‐2 production were highest after feeding the coconut oil diet. Interferon (IFN)‐γ production was decreased by safflower oil or fish oil feeding. IL‐4 production was not significantly affected by diet, although production was lowest by lymphocytes from fish oil‐fed mice. The ratio of production of Th1‐ to Th2‐type cytokines (determined as the IFN‐γ/IL‐4 ratio) was lower for lymphocytes from mice fed the safflower oil or fish oil diets. After 4 h of culture, IL‐2 mRNA levels were higher in cells from mice fed coconut oil, and IFN‐γ mRNA levels were higher in cells from mice fed coconut oil or safflower oil. After 8 h of culture, IL‐2, IFN‐γ, and IL‐4 mRNA levels were lowest in cells from mice fed fish oil. The ratio of the relative levels of IFN‐γ mRNA to IL‐4 mRNA was highest in cells from mice fed coconut oil and was lowest in cells of mice fed fish oil. The influence of individual fatty acids on IL‐2 production by murine spleen lymphocytes was examined in vitro. Although all fatty acids decreased IL‐2 production in a concentration‐dependent manner, saturated fatty acids were the least potent and n‐3 PUFAs the most potent inhibitors, withn‐6 PUFAs falling in between in terms of potency. It is concluded that saturated fatty acids have minimal effects on cytokine production. In contrast, PUFAs act to inhibit production of Th1‐type cytokines with little effect on Th2‐type cytokines; n‐3 PUFAs are particularly potent. The effects of fatty acids on cytokine production appear to be exerted at the level of gene expression.