Differential object marking: Iconicity vs. economy
Differential object marking: Iconicity vs. economy
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1024109008573
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Aissen, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aissen, J
在优选论框架内，发展出了一种对差异宾格标记（DOM）类型学的形式化研究方法。功能/类型学文献已经确定，DOM的变异是由生命度和有定性这两个维度构建的，这些维度上的凸显程度与显性格标记的可能性直接相关。在当前的分析中，DOM渗透到宾语类别中的程度反映了两种原则之间的张力。一种涉及象似性：直接宾语作为宾语越显著，就越有可能被显性地标记格。另一种是经济原则：避免格标记。这两种原则之间的张力在不同语言中有不同的解决方式，这是由相应制约条件在具体语言中的不同等级所决定的。表达宾语标记性的制约条件是通过凸显等级的和谐排列推导出来的。和谐排列预测了一种相应的差异主格标记现象。这种现象也存在，尽管形式不太清晰。
A formal approach to the typology Of DIFFERENTIAL OBJECT MARKING (DOM) is developed within the framework of Optimality Theory. The functional/typological literature has established that variation in DOM is structured by the dimensions of animacy and definiteness, with degree of prominence on these dimensions directly correlated with the likelihood of overt case-marking. In the present analysis, the degree to which DOM penetrates the class of objects reflects the tension between two types of principles. One involves iconicity: the more marked a direct object qua object, the more likely it is to be overtly case-marked. The other is a principle of economy: avoid case-marking. The tension between the two principles is resolved differently in different languages, as determined by language-particular ranking of the corresponding constraints. Constraints expressing object markedness are derived through HARMONIC ALIGNMENT of prominence scales. Harmonic alignment predicts a corresponding phenomenon of DIFFERENTIAL SUBJECT MARKING. This too exists, though in a less articulated form.