A Test Study of an Energy and Mass Balance Model Application to a Site on Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Chinese Tian Shan
A Test Study of an Energy and Mass Balance Model Application to a Site on Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Chinese Tian Shan
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DOI：
10.3390/w12102865
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Puyu Wang;Zhong-qin Li;C. Schneider;Hongliang Li;Alexandra Hamm;Shuang Jin;Chunhai Xu;Huilin Li-Huilin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Puyu Wang;Zhong-qin Li;C. Schneider;Hongliang Li;Alexandra Hamm;Shuang Jin;Chunhai Xu;Huilin Li-Huilin
在这项研究中，使用能量平衡模型来量化能量和质量平衡，以代表中国天山乌鲁木齐一号冰川的冰川融化。基于自动气象站（4025 m a.s.l）的数据和冰川东支附近的质量平衡现场调查数据，利用“COupled Snowpack and Ice Surface Energy and Mass Balance Model”（COSIMA）对2018年消融季的能量和质量平衡进行了模拟。结果表明，模型累积质量平衡（−0.67 ± 0.03 m w.e.）与模型结果吻合较好。现场测量（−0.64 ± 0.16 m w.e.）（r2 = 0.96），研究期间相对差异在 5% 以内。每日平均值的模拟表面温度和观测表面温度之间的相关系数为 0.88。冰川表面融化能量的主要来源是净短波辐射（84%）和感热通量（16%）。能量消耗来自净长波辐射（55%）、雪/冰融化的热通量（32%）、升华和蒸发的潜热通量（7%）以及地下热通量（6%）。质量平衡敏感性检验表明，质量平衡对温度升高和降水减少的敏感性高于温度降低和降水增加的敏感性。
In this study, energy and mass balance is quantified using an energy balance model to represent the glacier melt of Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Chinese Tian Shan. Based on data from an Automatic Weather Station (4025 m a.s.l) and the mass balance field survey data nearby on the East Branch of the glacier, the “COupled Snowpack and Ice surface energy and Mass balance model” (COSIMA) was used to derive energy and mass balance simulations during the ablation season of 2018. Results show that the modeled cumulative mass balance (−0.67 ± 0.03 m w.e.) agrees well with the in-situ measurements (−0.64 ± 0.16 m w.e.) (r2 = 0.96) with the relative difference within 5% during the study period. The correlation coefficient between modeled and observed surface temperatures is 0.88 for daily means. The main source of melt energy at the glacier surface is net shortwave radiation (84%) and sensible heat flux (16%). The energy expenditures are from net longwave radiation (55%), heat flux for snow/ice melting (32%), latent heat flux of sublimation and evaporation (7%), and subsurface heat flux (6%). The sensitivity testing of mass balance shows that mass balance is more sensitive to temperature increase and precipitation decrease than temperature decrease and precipitation increase.