Staff–resident interactions in long-term care for people with dementia: the role of meeting psychological needs in achieving residents’ well-being
Staff–resident interactions in long-term care for people with dementia: the role of meeting psychological needs in achieving residents’ well-being
复制标题
痴呆症患者长期护理中的工作人员与居民互动：满足心理需求在实现居民福祉中的作用
DOI：
10.1080/13607863.2014.944088
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
A. Pot
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Willemse;M. Downs;L. Arnold;D. Smit;J. de Lange;A. Pot
目的：本研究的目的是探讨工作人员与居民的互动在多大程度上满足或破坏居民的心理需求，以及这种互动如何与居民的福祉相关。方法：使用痴呆症护理地图 (DCM) 收集来自 9 个长期护理机构的 51 名居民的工作人员与居民互动和居民福祉的数据。 DCM 会统计并详细描述工作人员与住户之间的互动，这些互动可以解决（个人增强因素 - PE）或削弱（个人减损 - PD）居民的心理需求，以及每个住户情绪和参与度的每 5 分钟得分（ME 值）。通过研究 PE 或 PD 发生之前和之后三个时间范围内居民的 ME 值，分析 PE 和 PD 与幸福感之间的关系。结果：总共观察到 76 个 PE 和 33 个 PD。最常见的体育活动是那些解决舒适和职业的心理需求的体育活动。然而，在 PE 解决了居民对身份、依恋和包容的需求之后，居民的福祉最常得到提高。最常见的PD是那些破坏舒适、包容和职业需求的PD。在公共场所破坏削弱了舒适需求后，居民的幸福感最常下降。结论：增加满足居民依恋、认同和包容需求的互动，并消除破坏居民舒适需求的互动，对于实现居民的福祉可能特别重要。从长远来看，居民的福祉可以通过工作人员利用机会为居民赋权和提供便利，从而满足他们的职业需求来实现。这些发现为以人为本的护理培训提供了方向。
Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore the extent to which staff–resident interactions address or undermine residents’ psychological needs and how such interactions are associated with residents’ well-being. Method: Data on staff–resident interactions and residents’ well-being were collected for 51 residents from nine long-term care settings using dementia care mapping (DCM). DCM yields a count and detailed description of staff–resident interactions that either address (personal enhancers – PEs) or undermine (personal detractions – PDs) residents’ psychological needs, and every 5-minute scores for each resident's mood and engagement (ME-value). The relationship between PEs and PDs and well-being was analysed by studying residents’ ME-values before and three time frames after a PE or PD occurred. Results: A total of 76 PEs and 33 PDs were observed. The most common PEs were those addressing psychological needs for comfort and occupation. However residents’ well-being increased most often after PEs that addressed residents’ need for identity, attachment and inclusion. The most common PDs were those which undermined the need for comfort, inclusion and occupation. Residents’ well-being decreased most often after PDs that undermined the need for comfort. Conclusion: Increasing interactions which address residents’ need for attachment, identity and inclusion and eliminating interactions which undermine residents’ need for comfort may be particularly important in achieving residents’ well-being. In the long run, residents’ well-being could be achieved by staff availing of the opportunities to empower and facilitate residents, thus meeting their needs for occupation. These findings provide directions for training in person-centred care.