SOCIAL SUPPORT, NEGATIVE LIFE EVENTS AND MENTAL-HEALTH
SOCIAL SUPPORT, NEGATIVE LIFE EVENTS AND MENTAL-HEALTH
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DOI：
10.1192/bjp.166.1.29
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
TAMBS, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DALGARD, OS;BJORK, S;TAMBS, K
背景：在奥斯陆的一项调查的10年跟踪调查中，503人使用相同的问卷进行了重新访谈。问卷内容包括随访前一年的社会支持、心理控制源、心理健康、负性生活事件和长期心理压力等。这项研究证实了“缓冲假说”，即只有当个体暴露在压力源(如负面生活事件)中时，社会支持才能防止精神障碍的发展。这种缓冲作用对抑郁症的影响尤其强烈。缓冲效应只适用于“外在”，即那些与个性有关的人，他们感到无能为力，对自己的生活缺乏控制。“内在的人”不需要同样的社会支持来应对生活压力源，即使在负面生活事件和相对较弱的社会支持相结合的情况下，他们的症状得分也很低。
Background, In a 10-year follow-up of a survey from Oslo, 503 persons were reinterviewed using the same questionnaire.Method. The questionnaire includes information about social support, 'locus of control' and mental health as well as negative life events and long-lasting mental strain during the year prior to the follow-up.Results. The study confirms the ''buffer hypothesis'', that social support protects against the development of mental disorder only when the individual is exposed to stressors, like negative life events. This buffering effect was especially strong for depression.Conclusions. The buffering effect only applies to the 'externals'-those who have personality-related feelings of powerlessness and lack of control over their own lives. The 'internals' do not have the same need for social support to cope with life stressors, and have low symptom scores even when negative life events are combined with relative weak social support.