Critical factors in the limited occurrence of the Japanese tree sap mite Hericia sanukiensis (Acari: Astigmata: Algophagidae) inhabiting the sap of the oak Quercus acutissima
Critical factors in the limited occurrence of the Japanese tree sap mite Hericia sanukiensis (Acari: Astigmata: Algophagidae) inhabiting the sap of the oak Quercus acutissima
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栖息在橡树 Quercus acutissima 树液中的日本树液螨 Hericia sanukiensis（蜱螨亚纲：Astigmata：食藻科）出现有限的关键因素
DOI：
10.1007/s10493-011-9463-3
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yukio Yasui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kyohei Hayashi;Toshihide Ichikawa;Yukio Yasui
Hericia sanukiensis（无气门目：食藻螨科（Algophagidae）是一种半水栖螨，栖息于日本麻栎（Quercus acutissima）的发酵液流中，并利用Nitidulidae（鞘翅目）作为传播（泳动）载体。虽然nitidulid甲虫是常见的树干液流，H。sanukiensishas已被极其有限的几棵树在四国岛，香川县，日本。为了阐明限制该物种发生的关键因素，我们比较了树干结构和温度，汁液分泌的时间和丰度，以及有螨和无螨环境下的nitidulid甲虫的季节发生和扩散行为的几个物理和生物学特性。在连续两年的野外调查中发现，只有具有明显树洞（开口面积>10 cm 2，深度>10 cm）的树干渗出点在整个观察期内有持续的螨种群。相反，对于没有树洞的汁液分泌点，H。sanukiensemporally（从春天到秋天）殖民只有当树液生产相当高。因此，我们建议H. sanukiensipulations需要树洞作为越冬栖息地。Nitidulid甲虫也集中在高树液生产的地区，并没有从这样的栖息地在树液流季节分散。这表明H. sanukiensismites可能只有在非常有限的机会下才能分散和殖民新的栖息地，例如栖息地急剧恶化，这可能会促进其载体的移动。总之，这些发现可以解释这种螨种的有限发生。
Hericia sanukiensis(Astigmata: Algophagidae) is a semi-aquatic mite inhabiting fermented sap flux of the Japanese sawtooth oak (Quercus acutissima) and utilizes Nitidulidae (Coleoptera) as the dispersal (phoretic) carrier. Although nitidulid beetles are commonly found in sap flux, the occurrence ofH. sanukiensishas been extremely limited to a few trees in Shikoku Island, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. To elucidate the critical factors limiting the occurrence of this species, we compared several physical and biological characteristics of sap-exudation points, including the structure and temperature of tree trunks, period and abundance of sap exudation, and seasonal occurrence and dispersal behavior of nitidulid beetles between environments with and without mites. During the two consecutive years of field research, we found that only sap-exudation points with obvious tree holes (ringent area >10 cm2, depth >10 cm) had sustained mite populations throughout the observation period. In contrast, for the sap-exudation points lacking tree holes,H. sanukiensistemporally (from spring to autumn) colonized only when the sap production was considerably high. Thus, we suggest that the settlement ofH. sanukiensispopulations requires tree holes as an overwintering habitat. Nitidulid beetles also concentrated in areas with high sap production and did not disperse from such habitats during the sap flow season. This indicates thatH. sanukiensismites may only disperse and colonize new habitats at very limited opportunities, such as drastic habitat deterioration, which may promote the movement of their carrier. Taken together, these findings may explain the limited occurrence of this mite species.