Mechanical signaling for bone modeling and remodeling.
Mechanical signaling for bone modeling and remodeling.
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DOI：
10.1615/critreveukargeneexpr.v19.i4.50
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Turner CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robling AG;Turner CH
骨骼在子宫内和生长期间的正常发育需要机械刺激。负荷导致骨骼的适应性变化，增强骨骼结构。骨的适应性反应是由常驻骨细胞感知机械能并将其转化为细胞内结构和生化变化的级联的能力来调节的-这一过程称为机械转导。机械转导途径是骨中最具合成代谢性的途径之一，因此，人们对阐明机械负荷如何产生其观察到的效应非常感兴趣，包括增加骨形成、减少骨丢失、改变骨细胞分化和寿命等。对这些过程的分子理解正在发展，随之而来的是对骨生物学的深刻新见解。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了物理刺激的性质，骨细胞安装一个适应性反应，包括身份的传感器细胞，其属性和物理环境，和假定的mechanoreceptors他们表示。特别注意的是分配到局灶性粘附和Wnt信号，在光的新兴作用，在骨机械转导。废用过程中增加骨丢失的细胞机制，并考虑在加载过程中减少骨丢失。最后，我们总结了已发表的数据骨细胞的住宿，从而骨细胞停止响应机械信号事件。总的来说，这些数据突出了机械调节骨稳态的复杂而精细的协调过程。
Proper development of the skeleton in utero and during growth requires mechanical stimulation. Loading results in adaptive changes in bone that strengthen bone structure. Bone’s adaptive response is regulated by the ability of resident bone cells to perceive and translate mechanical energy into a cascade of structural and biochemical changes within the cells — a process known as mechanotransduction. Mechanotransduction pathways are among the most anabolic in bone, and consequently, there is great interest in elucidating how mechanical loading produces its observed effects, including increased bone formation, reduced bone loss, changes in bone cell differentiation and lifespan, among others. A molecular understanding of these processes is developing, and with it comes a profound new insight into the biology of bone. In this article, we review the nature of the physical stimulus to which bone cells mount an adaptive response, including the identity of the sensor cells, their attributes and physical environment, and putative mechanoreceptors they express. Particular attention is allotted to the focal adhesion and Wnt signaling, in light of their emerging role in bone mechanotransduction. The cellular mechanisms for increased bone loss during disuse, and reduced bone loss during loading are considered. Finally, we summarize the published data on bone cell accommodation, whereby bone cells stop responding to mechanical signaling events. Collectively, these data highlight the complex yet finely orchestrated process of mechanically regulated bone homeostasis.
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影响因子：
5.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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