The origin of pattern and feather germ tract specificity
The origin of pattern and feather germ tract specificity
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图案的起源和羽毛胚芽道的特异性
DOI：
10.1002/jez.1401350307
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发表时间：
1957
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. T. Gasseling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. W. Saunders;M. T. Gasseling
家禽的羽毛排列成簇，每个簇包括具有不同结构和生理特征的羽毛。T？T？在每一束中，羽毛或多或少地向后定向，并且以交叉的对角和纵向平行行的图案间隔开。结构和生理特性的分级变化（大小，不对称程度，绒毛比例，生长速率，激素阈值等）羽毛的长度沿着每条束的坐标轴，并且在一定程度上描述了胸部、翅膀和大腿束（Fraps和Juhn，'36; Willier和Rawles，' 44;凯恩斯和Saunders，'54）。因此，羽道构成了一种表皮模式，它很容易用形态学和生理学特征的交叉梯度来描述，并为分析发育提供了不寻常的材料。这项工作是由约翰霍普金斯大学B教授的研究所发起的。11. W7illier。他善意的建议和中肯的批评深受赞赏。后续阶段的工作在马奎特大学进行，并得到了美国国立卫生研究院公共卫生服务部国家癌症研究所的研究赠款（'2 -1481）、国家科学基金会的基金（NSF G2253）和美国癌症协会密尔沃基分部的赠款的支持。该研究的初步阶段已经以摘要的形式报道（Saunders，'47，' 50）。“在准备插图的斯坦尼斯劳斯·拉塔伊恰克先生的协助下，
The plumage of the fowl is arranged in tracts, each comprising feathers of a distinctive range of structural and physiological characteristics. T? i7ithin each tract, the feathers are oriented more or less posteriorly and are spaced in a pattern of'intersecting diagonal and longitudinal parallel rows. Graded variations in the structural and physiological properties (size, degree of asymmetry, proportion of fluff, growth rate, hormone thresholds, etc.) of the feathers occur along the coordinate axes of each tract, and have been described to some extent for the breast, wing and thigh tracts (Fraps and Juhn,'36; Willier and Rawles,'44; Cairns and Saunders,'54). The feather tract thus constitutes an integumentary pattern which is readily described in terms of intersecting gradients of morphological and physiological characteristics, aiid provides unusual material for analysis of the develop-This work was initiated at The Johns Hopkins University in the lnbor:* tory of Professor B. 11. W7illier. His kindly advice and kceri criticism are deeply apprecintetl. Subsequent phases of the work were pursued at Marquette University, ant1 liave been supported by rese: irch grants ('2-1481) from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, by a grant (NSF G2253) from the National Science Foundation, and by grants from the American Cancer Society, Milwaukee Division. Preliminary phases of the invrstigntion have been reported in abstract form (Saunders,'47,'50).'The assistance of Mr. Stanislaus Ratajczak, who prepared the illustrations,