Super Multifunctional Alloy "GUM METAL".
Super Multifunctional Alloy "GUM METAL".
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超级多功能合金“GUM METAL”。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Nishino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Nishino
研制了超多功能钛合金“金属胶”。该合金具有(A)超低弹性模数和高强度(图1)，(B)超弹性性质；在弹性变形方面(2.5%)比一般金属材料高出一位数，(C)超塑性性质允许在室温下进行99.9%或更高的冷塑性加工而无需加工硬化，(D)通过应用热处理获得超过2000兆帕的超高强度，(E)近零线膨胀系数(因瓦尔特性)和在-200摄氏度至+250摄氏度的宽温度范围内的恒定弹性模数(Elinvar特性)，所有这些独特的性能都是通过冷加工获得的。合金的典型性能如图2所示。金属胶属于体心立方结构的贝塔型钛合金，基本表示为Ti3(Ta+Nb+V)+(Zr，Hf)+O，成分平均价电子数(电子原子比)约为4.24。图3显示了几种合金的弹性模数、可获得的弹性和加工硬化率随价电子数的变化。每种性质都具有约4.24的共有价电子数的特殊性。对于体心立方金属，“理想剪应力”的值被估计为0.11G；对于常规金属，这样的值是实际强度的几倍，而对于树胶金属，其值被估计为与实际强度一样低，如图1所示。树胶金属的独特特征归因于与合金的塑性变形有关的神秘特征；它们是无位错的塑性变形机制的结果。在冷加工合金中，这种塑性变形机制形成了从纳米到几十微米的分级结构的弹性应变场。由此产生的弹性能量导致了许多独特的性质。与其他金属不同，树胶金属因其各种独特的特性而得名，是一种在实际应用中具有无限可能性的新材料。除了其已经商业化的应用，包括眼镜框和精密螺丝，它被认为适用于汽车零部件、医疗设备、体育用品、装饰材料和航空航天工业的广泛应用。参考文献1)Saito，T.，et al.：Science，300(2003)，464(2003年8月18日收到报告)超多功能合金“金属胶”西野和明，金属材料实验室。主题
The super multifunctional titanium alloy "GUM METAL" has been developed. This alloy has (a) ultralow elastic modulus with high strength (Fig. 1), (b)super-elastic like nature; one digit higher in elastic deformation (2.5%) compared to general metallic materials, (c)super-plastic nature permitting cold plastic working to 99.9% or more with no work hardening at room temperature, (d)ultra-high strength of more than 2000 MPa by applying a heattreatment, (e)a near-zero linear expansion coefficient (Invar property) and a constant elastic modulus (Elinvar property) over a wide temperature range from -200 C to +250 C. All these unique properties are achieved by cold working. The typical properties of the alloy are summarized in Fig. 2. GUM METAL belongs to a beta-type titanium alloy having a body-centered-cubic structure and is fundamentally expressed as Ti3(Ta+Nb+V)+ (Zr, Hf)+O, and has a compositional average valence electron number (electron/atom ratio) of approximately 4.24. Figure 3 shows the changes in elastic modulus, attainable elasticity and work hardening ratio of several alloys with the valence electron number. Each property takes a specificity around the common valence electron number of about 4.24. The value of the "ideal shear stress" has been estimated as 0.11G for bcc metals; such values for conventional metals are several times the actual strength, whereas that for GUM METAL is estimated to be so low as the actual strength as seen in Fig. 1. The unique characteristics of GUM METAL are attributable to an arcane feature in relation to the plastic deformation of the alloy; they result from a dislocation-free plastic deformation mechanism. In the cold worked alloy, this plastic deformation mechanism forms elastic strain fields of a hierarchical structure that range in size from nanometers to several tens of micrometers. The resultant elastic energy leads to a number of unique properties. GUM METAL named after its various unique characteristics unlike other metals is a new material having infinite possibilities in practical applications. In addition to its already commercialized applications including spectacle frames and precision screws, it is considered to be applicable in a wide range for automotive parts, medical equipments, sporting goods, decorative materials and in the aerospace industry. Reference 1) Saito, T., et al. : Science, 300(2003), 464 (Report received on Aug. 18, 2003) Super Multifunctional Alloy "GUM METAL" Kazuaki Nishino, Metallic Materials Lab. TOPICS