Automatization and working memory capacity in schizophrenia
Automatization and working memory capacity in schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2007.10.035
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Kahn, Rene S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van Raalten, Tamar R.;Ramsey, Nick F.;Kahn, Rene S.
精神分裂症患者的工作记忆(WM)功能障碍的特点是WM招募效率低下和容量减少，但这些功能之间的关系尚不清楚。在控制中，某些认知任务的练习会导致自动化，这与工作记忆招募的减少和并发任务执行能力的增加有关。因此，我们调查了精神分裂症患者的低效功能和能力降低是否与自动化失败有关。对18例精神分裂症患者和18例正常对照，采用言语工作记忆任务，采用新颖、实用的刺激进行fMRI数据采集。参与者在扫描仪外执行双重任务，以测试工作记忆能力。患者在WM任务中表现出完整的表现，这与过度的WM活动平行。在两组中，练习提高了成绩，减少了WM活动。练习后WM活动的差异预测了对照组的性能成本，但在患者中不是。此外，与对照组相比，患者表现出不成比例的双重任务表现，特别是在处理需要在WM中持续调整的信息时。我们的发现支持精神分裂症患者的WM功能低效和能力降低的观点。这与自动化失败无关，但在处理不断变化的信息时很明显。这表明，WM功能效率低下和能力降低可能与无法处理需要频繁更新的信息有关。(C)2007 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
Working memory (WM) dysfunction in schizophrenia is characterized by inefficient WM recruitment and reduced capacity, but it is not yet clear how these relate to one another. In controls practice of certain cognitive tasks induces automatization, which is associated with reduced WM recruitment and increased capacity of concurrent task performance. We therefore investigated whether inefficient function and reduced capacity in schizophrenia was associated with a failure in automatization. FMRI data was acquired with a verbal WM task with novel and practiced stimuli in 18 schizophrenia patients and 18 controls. Participants performed a dual-task outside the scanner to test WM capacity. Patients showed intact performance on the WM task, which was paralleled by excessive WM activity. Practice improved performance and reduced WM activity in both groups. The difference in WM activity after practice predicted performance cost in controls but not in patients. In addition, patients showed disproportionately poor dual-task performance compared to controls, especially when processing information that required continuous adjustment in WM. Our findings support the notion of inefficient WM function and reduced capacity in schizophrenia. This was not related to a failure in automatization, but was evident when processing continuously changing information. This suggests that inefficient WM function and reduced capacity may be related to an inability to process information requiring frequent updating. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.