Differences in conceptualizing self versus conceptualizing other people as manifested in contrasting verb types used in natural speech.
Differences in conceptualizing self versus conceptualizing other people as manifested in contrasting verb types used in natural speech.
复制标题
自我概念化与他人概念化的差异体现在自然言语中使用的动词类型的对比上。
DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1135
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
McGuire,CV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGuire,WJ;McGuire,CV
通过比较自我描述中使用的动词类型与他人自由描述中使用的动词类型，测试了根据关于自我的特权信息的假设得出的关于自我思考与思考他人的模式的预测差异。对“告诉我们关于你的家庭”和“告诉我们关于学校”的探究的三分钟回答被分为单独的主语/动词/限定词思维片段，其中选择以我自己为主体与以其他人为主体的那些作为自变量来测试六个预测的自我他人差异。正如预测的那样，我们发现，与其他人相比，人们更多地根据一个人所做的事情（行动动词）来具体地思考自我，而不是根据一个人是什么（状态动词）来抽象地思考。在状态动词中，自我比他人更多地用动态的生成而不是静态的存在状态来描述；在动作动词中，自我比其他动词更被描述为隐秘的反应，而不是公开的行动。就公开行为而言，自我比他人更被认为是身体行为，而不是社交互动；至于隐性反应，人们认为自我比其他人更具有情感反应而不是认知反应。最后，与他人相比，自我更多地是根据一个人不是什么而不是一个人是什么来描述的。描述了自我概念化与其他概念化之间的这六个动词比率差异以及年龄、性别、刺激背景和反应方式的相互作用影响。
Predicted differences in modes of thinking about self versus thinking about other people, derived from assumptions regarding one's privileged information about the self, were tested by comparing the types of verbs used in free descriptions of self versus the types of verbs used in free descriptions of other people. Three-minute responses to “Tell us about your family” and “Tell us about school” probes were divided into individual subject/verb/qualifier thought segments, from among which those with myself as subject versus those with other person (s) as subject were selected as the independent variable for testing six predicted self-other differences. It was found, as predicted, that the self more than other people is thought of concretely in terms of what one does (verbs of action) rather than abstractly in terms of what one is (verbs of state). Among state verbs, the self more than others is described in terms of dynamic becoming rather than in terms of static being states; among action verbs, the self more than others is described as covertly reacting rather than as overtly acting. As regards overt actions, the self more than others is thought of as physically acting rather than as socially interacting; as regards covert reactions, the self more than others is thought of as having affective rather than cognitive reactions. Finally, the self more than others is described in terms of what one is not rather than what one is. The interaction effects on these six verb-ratio differences between self-conceptualizing versus other conceptualizing and age, gender, stimulus context, and response modality are described.