Alopecia Areata
Alopecia Areata
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DOI：
10.1201/b14322-7
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发表时间：
2011-10
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
M. C. Oba;Y. Tüzün
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. C. Oba;Y. Tüzün
斑秃是一种针对毛囊的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病。它会导致非疤痕性脱发。该病的患病率在全世界约为千分之一。这种情况最常见的是圆形区域的脱发，但有时可能广泛到涉及整个头皮或整个身体。斑秃复杂的病理生理学涉及自身免疫基础。斑秃与其他自身免疫性疾病如甲状腺炎和白癜风的相关性，以及患者对免疫抑制治疗的良好反应支持自身免疫性病因。虽然一些不良预后的迹象是确定的，疾病的过程是不可预测的，对治疗的反应可以是可变的。到目前为止，既没有预防措施，也没有治疗措施来处理这种情况。斑片状疾病的一线治疗是局部和病灶内类固醇，而广泛的疾病通常用免疫治疗。新的治疗药物，如准分子激光，低剂量重组白细胞介素2，Janus激酶抑制剂，辛伐他汀/依折麦布，是有前途的。
Alopecia areata is an organ-specific autoimmune disease targeting hair follicles. It causes nonscarring hair loss. The prevalence rate of the disease is approximately 1 in 1000 peo ple worldwide. The condition is most commonly seen as circular areas of hair loss, but it may sometimes be as extensive as to involve the whole scalp or whole body. The complex pathophysiology of alopecia areata involves an autoimmune basis. Association of alope - cia areata with other autoimmune diseases, such as thyroiditis and vitiligo, and the good response of patients to immunosuppressive treatment support an autoimmune etiology. Although some poor prognostic signs are defined, the course of the disease is unpredict able and the response to treatment can be variable. To date, there are neither preventive nor curative measures to deal with the condition. First-line therapy for patchy disease is topical and intralesional steroids, whereas extensive disease is conventionally managed with immunotherapy. New treatment agents, such as excimer laser, low-dose recom binant interleukin 2, Janus kinase inhibitors, and simvastatin/ezetimibe, are promising.