Increase in Tomato Locule Number Is Controlled by Two Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Located Near WUSCHEL
Increase in Tomato Locule Number Is Controlled by Two Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Located Near WUSCHEL
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.111.173997
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Causse, Mathilde
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munos, Stephane;Ranc, Nicolas;Causse, Mathilde
在番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）果实中，小室（含有来自心皮的种子的腔）的数量从2个到10个或更多。果位数影响果实的形状和大小，并受几个数量性状位点（qtl）控制。绝大多数表型变异是由其中两个qtl解释的，即相关联（fas）和室数（lc），它们在上位性上相互作用。FAS已被克隆，基因突变被描述为导致现代品种果实大小增加的关键因素。在这里，我们报道了基于地图的克隆lc。lc QTL包括一个1,600 bp的区域，位于WUSCHEL 3'端1,080 bp处，该区域编码调节植物干细胞命运的同源结构域蛋白。lc的分子进化表明，除了两个单核苷酸多态性外，lc在栽培材料中的多样性降低。这两个单核苷酸多态性被证明是导致室数增加的原因。本文提出了一个基因座数的进化模型，表明fas突变出现在lc位点突变之后，从而产生了极高的基因座数表型。
In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit, the number of locules (cavities containing seeds that are derived from carpels) varies from two to up to 10 or more. Locule number affects fruit shape and size and is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The large majority of the phenotypic variation is explained by two of these QTLs, fasciated (fas) and locule number (lc), that interact epistatically with one another. FAS has been cloned, and mutations in the gene are described as key factors leading to the increase in fruit size in modern varieties. Here, we report the map-based cloning of lc. The lc QTL includes a 1,600-bp region that is located 1,080 bp from the 3' end of WUSCHEL, which encodes a homeodomain protein that regulates stem cell fate in plants. The molecular evolution of lc showed a reduction of diversity in cultivated accessions with the exception of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms. These two single-nucleotide polymorphisms were shown to be responsible for the increase in locule number. An evolutionary model of locule number is proposed herein, suggesting that the fas mutation appeared after the mutation in the lc locus to confer the extreme high-locule-number phenotype.