Addition of carbon sorbents to reduce PCB and PAH bioavailability in marine sediments: Physicochemical tests
Addition of carbon sorbents to reduce PCB and PAH bioavailability in marine sediments: Physicochemical tests
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DOI：
10.1021/es034992v
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发表时间：
2004-10-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Luthy, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zimmerman, JR;Ghosh, U;Luthy, RG
将活性炭作为颗粒吸附剂添加到受污染沉积物的生物活性层中，以降低多氯联苯（PCBs）和多环芳烃（PAHs）等疏水性有机污染物（HOCs）的化学和生物有效性。我们报告的结果，从物理化学实验，评估这一概念。从猎人点海军造船厂，旧金山弗朗西斯科湾，加利福尼亚州，PCB和PAH污染的沉积物，接触焦炭和活性炭的时间为1和6个月。沉积物处理3.4%（重量）活性炭显示92%和84%的水平衡PCB和PAH的浓度，77%和83%的减少PCB和PAH的吸收半透膜装置（SPMD），分别减少，PCB通量上覆水在静态系统高达89%。添加焦炭污染的沉积物没有显着降低水平衡PCB浓度，也没有PCB或PAH的SPMD测量可用性。焦炭减少PAH水平衡浓度的38-64%，这取决于焦炭剂量和颗粒大小。与焦炭相比，活性炭的更大有效性归因于其大得多的比表面积和有利于结合污染物的孔结构。从物理化学试验的结果表明，添加活性炭污染的领域沉积物减少HOC的可用性的水相。在最佳接触条件下，这种益处相对较快地显现出来，并且随着接触时间从1个月到6个月而有效性提高。活性炭应用是一种潜在的原位，非去除处理海洋沉积物与HOCs污染的有吸引力的方法。
The addition of activated carbon as particulate sorbent to the biologically active layer of contaminated sediment is proposed as an in-situ treatment method to reduce the chemical and biological availability of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We report results from physicochemical experiments that assess this concept. PCB- and PAH-contaminated sediment from Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, San Francisco Bay, CA, was contacted with coke and activated carbon for periods of 1 and 6 months. Sediment treated with 3.4 wt % activated carbon showed 92% and 84% reductions in aqueous equilibrium PCB and PAH concentrations, 77% and 83% reductions in PCB and PAH uptake by semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD), respectively, and reductions in PCB flux to overlying water in quiescent systems up to 89%. Adding coke to contaminated sediment did not significantly decrease aqueous equilibrium PCB concentrations nor PCB or PAH availability in SPMD measurements. Coke decreased PAH aqueous equilibrium concentrations by 38-64% depending on coke dose and particle size. The greater effectiveness of activated carbon as compared to coke is attributed to its much greater specific surface area and a pore structure favorable for binding contaminants. The results from the physicochemical tests suggest that adding activated carbon to contaminated field sediment reduces HOC availability to the aqueous phase. The benefit is manifested relatively quickly under optimum contact conditions and improves in effectiveness with contact time from 1 to 6 months. Activated carbon application is a potentially attractive method for in-situ, nonremoval treatment of marine sediment contaminated with HOCs.