NO2 levels inside vehicle cabins with pollen and activated carbon filters: A real world targeted intervention to estimate NO2 exposure reduction potential.
NO2 levels inside vehicle cabins with pollen and activated carbon filters: A real world targeted intervention to estimate NO2 exposure reduction potential.
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带花粉和活性炭过滤器的车厢内的二氧化氮水平：现实世界的有针对性的干预措施，以估计二氧化氮暴露减少潜力。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160395
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Matthaios VN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matthaios VN
与交通相关的二氧化氮 (NO2) 在城市环境中构成严重的环境和健康风险因素。一般而言，驾驶员和车辆乘员可能会严重暴露于二氧化氮水平。为了确定减少车辆乘员暴露的关键可控措施，本研究测量了十种不同车辆在真实驾驶条件下的二氧化氮暴露量，并通过用新的标准花粉过滤器和新型活性炭车内过滤器替换以前使用的过滤器来进行有针对性的干预。该研究还评估了后者的效率与使用时间的关系。在可比较的交通和环境空气质量条件下，在相同路线上行驶的测试车辆的平均车内二氧化氮暴露量在新标准花粉过滤器测试中为 50.8±32.7μg/m3，在新活性炭过滤器测试中为 9.2±8.6μg/m3。在采用新型活性炭过滤器时，总体而言，我们观察到与道路浓度相比，车内二氧化氮水平平均显着降低了 87%（范围 80-94.2%）（p<0.05）。我们进一步发现，活性炭过滤器的NO2去除效率每月下降6.8±0.6%；使用前 7 个月后，去除效率衰减更快。这些结果为普通大众如何控制和减少与交通相关的二氧化氮接触提供了新颖的见解。使用和定期更换活性炭空调滤清器是显着减少车内二氧化氮暴露的相对便宜的方法。
Traffic related nitrogen dioxide (NO2) poses a serious environmental and health risk factor in the urban environment. Drivers and vehicle occupants in general, may have acute exposure to NO2levels. In order to identify key controllable measures to reduce vehicle occupant's exposure, this study measures NO2exposure inside ten different vehicles under real world driving conditions and applies a targeted intervention by replacing previously used filters with new standard pollen and new activated carbon cabin filters. The study also evaluates the efficiency of the latter as a function of duration of use. The mean in-vehicle NO2exposure across the tested vehicles, driving the same route under comparable traffic and ambient air quality conditions, was 50.8 ± 32.7 μg/m3for the new standard pollen filter tests and 9.2 ± 8.6 μg/m3for the new activated carbon filter tests. When implementing the new activated carbon filters, overall we observed significant (p < 0.05) reductions by 87 % on average (range 80–94.2 %) in the in-vehicle NO2levels compared to the on-road concentrations. We further found that the activated carbon filter NO2removal efficiency drops by 6.8 ± 0.6 % per month; showing a faster decay in removal efficiency after the first 7 months of use. These results offer novel insights into how the general population can control and reduce their exposure to traffic related NO2. The use and regular replacement of activated carbon cabin air filters represents a relatively inexpensive method to significantly reduce in-vehicle NO2exposure.