Nanostructuring Noble Metals as Unsupported Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Nanostructuring Noble Metals as Unsupported Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
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DOI：
10.1002/aenm.201700548
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发表时间：
2017-12-06
影响因子：
27.8
通讯作者：
Eychmueller, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cai, Bin;Henning, Sebastian;Eychmueller, Alexander
阻碍燃料电池技术突破的两个主要挑战是电催化剂在氧还原反应中的活性不足，以及在燃料电池运行过程中由于其碳载体的潜在腐蚀而导致的电催化剂的降解。由定制的贵金属纳米结构衍生的无负载电催化剂优于传统的碳负载Pt纳米颗粒催化剂，并通过微调表面组成和消除负载来解决这些障碍。本文综述了近年来在无负载电催化剂的设计、合成和表征方面所取得的成就，重点介绍了贵金属气凝胶、纳米/介观结构薄膜和模板衍生的金属纳米结构。比较和讨论了它们的氧还原电催化性能，并重点介绍了催化剂成功转移到聚合物电解质燃料电池上的实例。本报告旨在展示在燃料电池中实现无负载催化剂的潜力和挑战，从而为这些材料的进一步发展提供一个视角。
Two major challenges that impede fuel cell technology breakthrough are the insufficient activity of the electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction and their degradation during operation, caused by the potential-induced corrosion of their carbon-support upon fuel cell operation. Unsupported electrocatalysts derived from tailored noble-metal nanostructures are superior to the conventional carbon-supported Pt nanoparticle catalysts and address these barriers by fine-tuning the surface composition and eliminating the support. Herein, recent efforts and achievements in the design, synthesis and characterization of unsupported electrocatalysts are reviewed, paying special attention to noble-metal aerogels, nano/meso-structured thin films and template-derived metal nanoarchitectures. Their electrocatalytic performances for oxygen reduction are compared and discussed, and examples of successful catalyst transfer to polymer electrolyte fuel cells are highlighted. This report aims to demonstrate the potential and challenges of implementing unsupported catalysts in fuel cells, thereby providing a perspective on the further development of these materials.