A new climate regime in northeast pacific ecosystems
A new climate regime in northeast pacific ecosystems
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DOI：
10.1029/2003gl017528
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发表时间：
2003-09
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
W. Peterson;F. Schwing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Peterson;F. Schwing
在一次强烈的厄尔尼诺现象之后，北太平洋的气候在1998年后期经历了一次迅速而显著的转变。加州海流（CC）上空的上升流-有利风向增强，阿拉斯加湾（果阿）的风力减弱。CC和果阿的沿海沃茨冷却了几度，太平洋十年涛动（PDO）反转了符号，并在2002年夏季保持负值。北方气候中心的浮游动物生物量翻了一番，并从暖水物种主导转向冷水物种主导，银鲑鱼和奇努克鲑鱼种群反弹，凤尾鱼和奥斯梅鱼类增加。在大气和海洋上层领域和生态系统结构的持续变化表明，气候制度的转变已经发生，类似（相反）的转变，观察到在1947年（1925年和1976年）。如果1998年北方气候变化的制度转变是完全类似于早期的转变，那么生态系统结构应该已经改变了果阿。最近的调查表明，这个生态系统也发生了变化。
Following a strong El Niño, the climate of the North Pacific underwent a rapid and striking transition in late 1998. Upwelling‐favorable winds strengthened over the California Current (CC), and winds weakened in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). Coastal waters of the CC and GOA cooled by several degrees, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) reversed sign and remained negative through summer 2002. Zooplankton biomass in the northern CC doubled and switched from warm to cold water species dominance, coho and chinook salmon stocks rebounded, and anchovy and osmeriids increased. Persistent changes in atmosphere and upper ocean fields and ecosystem structure suggest a climate regime shift has occurred, similar (opposite) to shifts observed in 1947 (1925 and 1976). If the 1998 regime shift in the northern CC is completely analogous to earlier shifts, then ecosystem structure should have changed in the GOA. Recent surveys indicate this ecosystem has transformed as well.