Redmap Australia: Challenges and Successes With a Large-Scale Citizen Science-Based Approach to Ecological Monitoring and Community Engagement on Climate Change
Redmap Australia: Challenges and Successes With a Large-Scale Citizen Science-Based Approach to Ecological Monitoring and Community Engagement on Climate Change
复制标题
澳大利亚红图：大规模基于公民科学的生态监测和社区参与气候变化方法的挑战和成功
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
N. Moltschaniwskyj
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Pecl;Jemina Stuart;P. Walsh;D. Bray;Martha Kusetic;M. Burgess;S. Frusher;D. Gledhill;Oliver George;G. Jackson;J. Keane;Victoria Y. Martin;M. Nursey;Andrew Pender;L. Robinson;K. Rowling;M. Sheaves;N. Moltschaniwskyj
公民科学包括一套研究方法，涉及公民参与科学项目，他们通常不是受过训练的科学家。公民科学项目有能力以高精度和准确度记录对物种的观察，为收集生物数据以支持各种研究调查提供了可能性。此外，通过项目参与者的参与，这些项目有可能使公众参与科学问题，并可能有助于改变社区的知识、态度和行为。然而，在确保未经培训的公众大规模收集和核实物种数据是一项强大而有益的长期奋进方面存在相当大的挑战，并且项目参与者确实参与并获得知识。在这里，我们描述的方法，以克服挑战，建立和维护一个基于网站的国家公民科学倡议，渔民，潜水员和其他沿海用户提交机会主义的摄影观测“范围外”的物种。范围扩展数据库和绘图项目（澳大利亚红图）有两个目标，（1）生态监测，以早期发现可能由于环境变化而扩大其地理分布的物种，以及（2）利用公众自己的数据，让公众参与气候变化的生态影响。澳大利亚范围内具有分类学专业知识的科学家网络的半自动化“管理众包”被用来验证每一个摄影观察。这一独特的系统得到了高效工作流程的支持，确保了提交数据的严谨性。此外，参与者易于参与和及时的个人反馈有助于产生和保持持续的兴趣。Redmap Australia的设计允许与社区共同创造知识-参与者不需要正式培训-提供了一个机会，让社区中不一定愿意接受培训或以其他方式正式参与或从事公民科学的部门参与进来。鉴于捕捉我们自然环境的变化需要跨越时间和空间的许多观测，确定支持大规模公民科学监测项目的因素和过程变得越来越重要。
Citizen science includes a suite of research approaches that involves participation by citizens, who are not usually trained scientists, in scientific projects. Citizen science projects have the capacity to record observations of species with high precision and accuracy, offering the potential for collection of biological data to support a diversity of research investigations. Moreover, via the involvement of project participants, these projects have the potential to engage the public on scientific issues and to possibly contribute to changes in community knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. However, there are considerable challenges in ensuring that large-scale collection and verification of species data by the untrained public is a robust and useful long-term endeavor, and that project participants are indeed engaged and acquiring knowledge. Here, we describe approaches taken to overcome challenges in creation and maintenance of a website-based national citizen science initiative where fishers, divers, and other coastal users submit opportunistic photographic observations of ‘out-of-range’ species. The Range Extension Database and Mapping Project (Redmap Australia) has two objectives, (1) ecological monitoring for the early detection of species that may be extending their geographic distribution due to environmental change, and (2) engaging the public on the ecological impacts of climate change, using the public’s own data. Semi-automated ‘managed crowd-sourcing’ of an Australia-wide network of scientists with taxonomic expertise is used to verify every photographic observation. This unique system is supported by efficient workflows that ensures the rigor of data submitted. Moreover, ease of involvement for participants and prompt personal feedback has contributed to generating and maintaining ongoing interest. The design of Redmap Australia allows co-creation of knowledge with the community – without participants requiring formal training – providing an opportunity to engage sectors of the community that may not necessarily be willing to undergo training or otherwise be formally involved or engaged in citizen science. Given that capturing changes in our natural environment requires many observations spread over time and space, identifying factors and processes that support large-scale citizen science monitoring projects is increasingly critical.