Task-Related Dynamic Division of Labor Between Anterior Temporal and Lateral Occipital Cortices in Representing Object Size
Task-Related Dynamic Division of Labor Between Anterior Temporal and Lateral Occipital Cortices in Representing Object Size
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2829-15.2016
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发表时间：
2016-04-27
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiou, Rocco;Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon
物体大小由腹侧视觉通路上功能不同的沿着区段表示。早期视觉皮层对物体的感觉视网膜大小进行编码。随后，枕颞皮层根据视觉特征的统计特征计算对象的标准尺寸。虽然神经计算的大小已经研究了“自下而上”的感觉驱动的框架，很少有人知道如何感知的大小信息转化为概念知识，以及如何调制这种计算是由“自上而下”的目标驱动的信号。使用连续的theta爆发刺激，我们证明了行为目标塑造了支撑物体大小的神经认知网络。我们操纵的一致性的感知与概念的对象大小，这提供了一个强大的行为探针反映内隐的大小知识。神经刺激的目标是外侧枕叶皮层（ESTA），对象感知的关键区域，或前颞叶（ATL），超模态概念处理的“枢纽”。我们观察到显着的上下文调制的神经认知架构：当人类参与者判断知觉的大小，一致性效应显着衰减的刺激，但保持弹性的ATL刺激。相比之下，当他们判断概念大小时，无论是刺激大脑皮层还是刺激ATL，都消除了原本强大的影响。我们的研究结果表明，不同的功能配置文件的大脑皮层和ATL，提供了第一个证据的可塑性网络自适应地改变其分工与自上而下的状态。的视觉识别，无论任务的需求，自动表示“自下而上”的统计视觉构造（反映典型的对象大小），而ATL有助于这种计算时，上下文需要基于语义的链接的视觉属性的对象识别。
Object size is represented by functionally distinct sectors along the ventral visual pathway. The early visual cortex encodes objects' sensory-retinal size. Subsequently, the occipitotemporal cortex computes objects' canonical size based on statistical regularities of visual features. Although the neurocomputation of size has been studied in a "bottom-up" sensory-driven framework, little is known about how perceptual size information is transformed into conceptual knowledge and how this computation is modulated by "top-down" goal-driven signals. Using continuous theta burst stimulation, we demonstrated that behavioral goal shapes the neurocognitive network underpinning object size. We manipulated the congruency of perceptual versus conceptual object size, which provides a robust behavioral probe reflecting implicit size knowledge. Neurostimulation was targeted at the lateral occipital cortex (LOC), a key region for object perception, or the anterior temporal lobe (ATL), a "hub" of supramodal conceptual processing. We observed striking contextual modulation of the neurocognitive architecture: when human participants judged perceptual size, the congruency effect was significantly attenuated by LOC stimulation but stayed resilient to ATL stimulation. By contrast, when they judged conceptual size, both LOC and ATL stimulation eradicated the otherwise robust effect. Our findings demonstrate disparate functional profiles of the LOC and ATL, providing the first evidence of a malleable network adaptively altering its division of labor with top-down states. The LOC, regardless of task demand, automatically represents "bottom-up" statistical regularities of visual conformation (reflecting typical object size), whereas the ATL contributes to this computation when the context requires semantically based linkage of visual attributes to object recognition.