Development and Application of an International Vehicle Emissions Model
Development and Application of an International Vehicle Emissions Model
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DOI：
10.1177/0361198105193900118
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Nicole Davis;J. Lents;M. Osses;Nick Nikkila;M. Barth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nicole Davis;J. Lents;M. Osses;Nick Nikkila;M. Barth
发展中国家车辆的快速增长使得这些国家有必要解决道路移动污染源对交通和环境的影响。为了估计其船队对空气质量的影响，许多国家采用了美国或欧洲排放模型或因子的修改版本。在大多数情况下，这些模型可能会导致排放估计的重大误差。为了解决这一问题，开发了一种新的道路移动源排放模型，称为国际车辆排放(IVE)模型，专为发展中国家使用。IVE模型是由国际可持续系统研究中心和加州大学河滨分校的研究人员联合开发的。IVE模型利用当地车辆技术分布、基于动力的驾驶因素、车辆浸泡分布和气象因素来定制模型以适应当地情况。此外，还设计了一项为期两周的密集实地研究，以收集必要的舰队和活动数据，以用关键的当地信息填充模型。IVE模型与实地研究过程一起证明，在提供城市地区移动污染源排放的改进估计方面非常有效，并允许对当地政策选择进行有效分析。这些研究有助于以有效的方式转让关于建立和改进流动来源清单过程的工具和知识。本文描述了开发该模型的基本原理、实地研究的开发和应用、迄今所取得的成果概述以及计划的下一步行动。
Rapid vehicle growth in developing nations makes it necessary for these nations to address the transportation and environmental impacts of on-road mobile sources. To estimate the air quality impact of their fleets, many nations have adopted modified versions of U.S. or European emissions models or factors. In most cases, these models can lead to significant errors in emissions estimates. To address this problem, a new on-road mobile source emissions model, called the international vehicle emissions (IVE) model, designed for use in developing countries has been developed. The IVE model was developed jointly by researchers at the International Sustainable Systems Research Center and the University of California at Riverside. The IVE model uses local vehicle technology distributions, power-based driving factors, vehicle soak distributions, and meteorological factors to tailor the model to the local situation. In addition, an intensive 2-week field study was designed to collect the necessary fleet and activity data to populate the model with critical local information. The IVE model, along with the field study process, has proved highly effective in providing an improved estimate of mobile source emissions in an urban area and allows the effective analysis of local policy options. The studies have served to transfer tools and knowledge on the process of creating and improving mobile source inventories in an efficient manner. The rationale behind the development of the model, the development and application of the field studies, an overview of the results obtained to date, and planned next steps are described in this paper.