Human Infections Due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies equisimilis
Human Infections Due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies equisimilis
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DOI：
10.1086/605085
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Spellerberg, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brandt, Claudia M.;Spellerberg, Barbara
属于停乳链球菌类马亚种（SDSE）的人链球菌长期以来一直被称为β-溶血性C和G群链球菌。在过去几年中，广泛的分类学研究已经将属于兰斯菲尔德C和G组的大多数兽医病原体与人源性病原体区分开来。在被认为是非致病性多年后，SDSE现在被认为是一种重要的细菌病原体。由该物种引起的疾病的临床谱与化脓性链球菌感染非常相似，包括链球菌感染后后遗症的发生。根据这些观察，许多毒力因子存在于S。在SDSE菌株中也可发现化脓性链球菌。毒力基因的高核苷酸序列同一性和这些基因与移动的遗传元件的关联支持化脓性链球菌种之间广泛的水平基因转移事件的假设。最近的流行病学研究表明，越来越多的侵袭性SDSE感染，通常在免疫功能低下的患者中，并表明该物种可能会在不久的将来获得更多的临床重要性。为了更好地了解SDSE不断变化的流行病学和致病性，必须提高对这些微生物作为人类病原体的认识，并进行适当的鉴定。
Human streptococci that belong to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) have long been known under the name of beta-hemolytic groups C and G streptococci. Extensive taxonomic studies during the past years have distinguished most of the veterinary pathogens belonging to Lancefield groups C and G from those of human origin. After being considered nonpathogenic for many years, SDSE is now recognized as an important bacterial pathogen. The clinical spectrum of diseases caused by this species closely resembles Streptococcus pyogenes infections, including the occurrence of poststreptococcal sequelae. In accordance with these observations, many of the virulence factors present in S. pyogenes can also be found in SDSE strains. High nucleotide-sequence identities in virulence genes and the association of these genes with mobile genetic elements support the hypothesis of extensive horizontal gene-transfer events among streptococcal species of the pyogenic group. Recent epidemiological studies have shown increasing numbers of invasive SDSE infections, often among immunocompromised patients, and suggest that this species will probably gain even more clinical importance in the near future. For a better understanding of the changing epidemiology and pathogenicity of SDSE, an increased awareness of these microorganisms as human pathogens and proper identification are mandatory.