Kinematic partitioning in the Southern Andes (39° S–46° S) inferred from lineament analysis and reassessment of exhumation rates
Kinematic partitioning in the Southern Andes (39° S–46° S) inferred from lineament analysis and reassessment of exhumation rates
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根据线形分析和折返率重新评估推断的南安第斯山脉 (39°Sâ46°S) 的运动分区
DOI：
10.1007/s00531-021-02068-y
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Riller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Göllner;Eisermann;Balbis;Petrinovic;Riller
南安第斯山脉通常被视为一个经典的例子，运动学划分的斜向板块会聚成大陆边缘平行走滑和横向缩短的组件。在这方面，作为地球最突出的弧内变形带之一的利基涅-奥夫基断层带被认为是南安第斯山脉最重要的地壳不连续性，它发生了边缘平行右旋走滑。然而，最近的结构研究，与这个简单的概念运动学分区，由于存在的边缘倾斜和一些其他边缘平行弧内变形区不一致。然而，对南安第斯山脉这类地带范围的了解仍然有限。在这里，我们记录了南安第斯山脉南纬39°和46°之间的显著构造不连续（线性构造）的痕迹。结合编译的低温热年代学数据和插值各自的剥露率，我们重新讨论了运动学分区在南安第斯山脉的问题。造山带中部的剥露速率最大，不连续痕迹主要呈N-S、WNW-ESE和NE-SW走向，分布在造山带的整个宽度上。值得注意的是，不连续性在空间上与新近纪折返速率的大梯度相吻合，并且以均匀折返为特征的独立地壳域。总的来说，这些关系指向这些不连续性的垂直位移的重要组成部分，除了从已发表的结构研究已知的水平位移。我们的研究结果与先前记录的南安第斯山脉新近纪缩短一致，并表明造山带规模的平移挤压，在平移挤压带中心的岩石垂直挤压最大。线性构造和热年代学数据质疑传统观点的运动学分区在南安第斯山脉，其中变形集中在Liquiñe-Ofqui断层带。
The Southern Andes are often viewed as a classic example for kinematic partitioning of oblique plate convergence into components of continental margin-parallel strike-slip and transverse shortening. In this regard, the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone, one of Earth’s most prominent intra-arc deformation zones, is believed to be the most important crustal discontinuity in the Southern Andes taking up margin-parallel dextral strike-slip. Recent structural studies, however, are at odds with this simple concept of kinematic partitioning, due to the presence of margin-oblique and a number of other margin-parallel intra-arc deformation zones. However, knowledge on the extent of such zones in the Southern Andes is still limited. Here, we document traces of prominent structural discontinuities (lineaments) from the Southern Andes between 39° S and 46° S. In combination with compiled low-temperature thermochronology data and interpolation of respective exhumation rates, we revisit the issue of kinematic partitioning in the Southern Andes. Exhumation rates are maximal in the central parts of the orogen and discontinuity traces, trending predominantly N–S, WNW–ESE and NE–SW, are distributed across the entire width of the orogen. Notably, discontinuities coincide spatially with large gradients in Neogene exhumation rates and separate crustal domains characterized by uniform exhumation. Collectively, these relationships point to significant components of vertical displacement on these discontinuities, in addition to horizontal displacements known from published structural studies. Our results agree with previously documented Neogene shortening in the Southern Andes and indicate orogen-scale transpression with maximal vertical extrusion of rocks in the center of the transpression zone. The lineament and thermochronology data call into question the traditional view of kinematic partitioning in the Southern Andes, in which deformation is focused on the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone.
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