Callitrichid responses to dead and dying infants: the effects of paternal bonding and cause of death
Callitrichid responses to dead and dying infants: the effects of paternal bonding and cause of death
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卡利特里奇科动物对死亡和垂死婴儿的反应：父权关系的影响和死亡原因
DOI：
10.1007/s10329-020-00824-3
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
M. A. B. de Oliveira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Thompson;Rebecca Hrit;Leonardo C O Melo;C. Vinyard;Kimberly N. Bottenberg;M. A. B. de Oliveira
许多灵长类动物对死去的婴儿有反应，但对这些行为的解释一直很困难。马蹄莲提供了一个独特的机会来界定假设之间，因为与大多数物种不同，男性照顾者形成更密切的社会关系与婴儿比母亲。马立克次体也被认为会杀死猎物，留下明显的伤口，使它们更容易识别死亡。我们介绍：（1）野生普通绒猴（Callithrix jacchus）群体对婴儿自然死亡反应的案例研究，以及（2）对已发表的Callitrichids（N= 16）婴儿死亡的回顾，测试反应个体的性别趋势和死亡原因。在我们的案例研究中，几个小组成员经常与死去的婴儿互动，试图携带它。然而，最强烈的反应来自一个男性，他与尸体呆了大约3小时，尽管他的小组离开了该地区。在马立克次体物种中，尸体相互作用具有显著的性别偏见：100%（N= 6）的意外死亡涉及男性（p= 0.007）的尸体相互作用，而女性（p= 0.095）为60%（N= 3/5）。死亡原因也发挥了重要作用，在100%（N= 6）的意外死亡中，试图携带死亡婴儿的人占11.1%（N= 1/9）（p= 0.001）。虽然现有的文献是小的，并可能受到出版偏见，这些数据支持的想法，视觉上明显的伤口可能会影响马蹄莲的感知死亡同种。此外，马立克次体中男性偏好的尸体互动模式表明，除了亲属关系外，社会纽带可能会塑造对死者的反应。虽然已发表的灵长类动物死亡学数据有限，但本研究展示了定量方法，可以为灵长类动物对死亡同种的反应提供经验性见解。
Many primates show responses to dead infants, yet testing explanations for these behaviors has been difficult. Callitrichids present a unique opportunity to delineate between hypotheses, since unlike most species, male caretakers form closer social bonds with infants than mothers. Callitrichids are also known to commit infanticide, leaving obvious wounds that may enable them to more readily recognize death. We present: (1) a case study of a wild common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) group responding to an infant’s natural death, and (2) a review of published infant deaths across callitrichids (N= 16), testing for trends in the sex of reacting individuals and cause of death. In our case study, several group members frequently interacted with the dead infant, attempting to carry it. However, the strongest response was from a male that remained with the corpse for ~ 3 h, despite his group leaving the area. Across callitrichid species, corpse interactions were significantly sex-biased: 100% (N= 6) of accidental deaths involved corpse interaction by males (p= 0.007), compared to 60% (N= 3 of 5) by females (p= 0.095). Cause of death also played a significant role, with individuals attempting to carry dead infants in 100% (N= 6) of accidental deaths, but only 11.1% (N= 1 of 9) of infanticides (p= 0.001). Although the available literature is small and potentially subject to publication biases, these data support the idea that visually obvious wounds may influence callitrichids’ perception of dead conspecifics. Additionally, male-biased patterns of corpse interaction in callitrichids indicate that social bonds likely shape reactions to the dead, in addition to kinship. While published data on primate thanatology are limited, this study demonstrates quantitative approaches that can provide empirical insights into primates’ responses to dead conspecifics.