The role of platelets in sepsis
The role of platelets in sepsis
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DOI：
10.1160/th14-02-0126
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
van der Poll, Tom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Stoppelaar, Sacha F.;van 't Veer, Cornelis;van der Poll, Tom
血小板是小的循环无核细胞，在止血中起着至关重要的作用。在过去的十年中，人们越来越清楚血小板在炎症中发挥重要作用，并能影响先天免疫和适应性免疫。败血症是一种潜在的致命疾病，由宿主对入侵病原体的有害反应引起。在败血症期间，免疫反应失衡和凝血系统的激活是导致败血症并发症和器官衰竭的基本事件。血小板是止血和炎症的主要效应细胞，参与脓毒症的发病过程，并导致脓毒症并发症。血小板催化过度炎症、弥散性血管内凝血和微血栓形成，并随后导致多器官衰竭。血小板的不适当积聚和活性是脓毒症相关并发症如急性肺损伤和急性肾损伤发生的关键事件。血小板活化读数可作为早期脓毒症识别的生物标志物；在脓毒症患者中抑制血小板似乎是免疫调节治疗的一个重要靶点，并且基于动物模型和回顾性人体研究显示前景光明。
Platelets are small circulating anucleate cells that are of crucial importance in haemostasis. Over the last decade, it has become increasingly clear that platelets play an important role in inflammation and can influence both innate and adaptive immunity. Sepsis is a potentially lethal condition caused by detrimental host response to an invading pathogen. Dysbalanced immune response and activation of the coagulation system during sepsis are fundamental events leading to sepsis complications and organ failure. Platelets, being major effector cells in both haemostasis and inflammation, are involved in sepsis pathogenesis and contribute to sepsis complications. Platelets catalyse the development of hyperinflammation, disseminated intravascular coagulation and microthrombosis, and subsequently contribute to multiple organ failure. Inappropriate accumulation and activity of platelets are key events in the development of sepsis-related complications such as acute lung injury and acute kidney injury. Platelet activation readouts could serve as biomarkers for early sepsis recognition; inhibition of platelets in septic patients seems like an important target for immune-modulating therapy and appears promising based on animal models and retrospective human studies.