An epigenetic rheostat of experience: DNA methylation of OXTR as a mechanism of early life allostasis.
An epigenetic rheostat of experience: DNA methylation of OXTR as a mechanism of early life allostasis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100098
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发表时间：
2021-11
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催产素是一种神经肽激素，参与调节社会行为、应激反应、肌肉收缩和新陈代谢。催产素信号传导依赖于其与由OXTR基因编码的催产素受体的结合。许多研究已经在人类和动物模型中检查了OXTR的表观遗传调节在神经和行为结果中的作用。在这里，我们回顾这些研究，批判性地分析他们的研究结果的背景下，催产素的作用，作为一种非稳态激素，并为未来的研究提供建议。我们使用OXTR作为精神神经内分泌学领域应如何进行表观遗传学研究的模型，以最大限度地提高生物相关性和生物标志物开发的潜力。催产素现在被认为是一种非稳态激素，为个体未来的社会和非社会环境做准备。早期生活经历改变了人类和模式生物中催产素受体基因（OXTR）的DNA甲基化。OXTR的DNA甲基化可能是催产素作为一种非稳态激素的作用的关键介质。需要进一步的机制工作来理解OXTR甲基化在适应过程中的作用及其作为生物标志物的用途。
Oxytocin is a neuropeptide hormone which is involved in regulation of social behavior, stress response, muscle contraction, and metabolism. Oxytocin signaling is dependent on its binding to the oxytocin receptor, coded for by the OXTR gene. Many studies have examined the role of epigenetic regulation of OXTR in neurological and behavioral outcomes in both humans and animal models. Here, we review these studies, critically analyze their findings in the context of oxytocin's role as an allostatic hormone, and provide suggestions for future research. We use OXTR as a model for how those in the field of psychoneuroendocrinology should perform epigenetic studies in order to maximize both biological relevance and potential for biomarker development. Oxytocin is now recognized as an allostatic hormone preparing individuals for future social and nonsocial environments. Early life experiences alter DNA methylation of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) in both humans and model organisms. DNA methylation of OXTR may be a key mediator of oxytocin's effects as an allostatic hormone. Further mechanistic work is needed to understand OXTR methylation’s role in adaptive processes and its use as a biomarker.