Cooperatively breeding banded mongooses do not avoid inbreeding through familiarity-based kin recognition
Cooperatively breeding banded mongooses do not avoid inbreeding through familiarity-based kin recognition
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DOI：
10.1007/s00265-021-03076-3
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发表时间：
2021-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Nichols，Hazel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Khera，Monil;Arbuckle，Kevin;Nichols，Hazel J.
在生活在家庭群体中的物种中，如合作繁殖者，近亲繁殖通常通过识别熟悉的亲属来避免。例如，个体可能会避免与婴儿期经常遇到的同种交配，因为这些可能包括父母，兄弟姐妹和密切相关的异源父母。其他机制也有报道，尽管很少;例如，个体可能会将自己的表型与其他人的表型进行比较，接近的匹配代表可能的亲属（“表型匹配”）。然而，一个给定的物种所使用的主要近亲繁殖避免机制的决定因素仍然知之甚少。我们使用24年的生活史和遗传数据，以调查野生合作繁殖的带状猫鼬（Mungos mungo）的近亲繁殖避免。我们发现，近亲繁殖的避免发生在社会群体，但远未达到最大化（351育种对之间的平均系谱相关= 0.144）。不寻常的一个群体生活的脊椎动物，我们没有发现证据表明，女性避免与男性繁殖，他们熟悉的早期生活。这可能是由集体繁殖来解释的;雌性在紧密的同步中分娩，幼崽被集体照顾，从而降低了基于亲密关系的代理的可靠性。我们还发现很少有证据表明，近亲繁殖是避免优先与特定年龄段的男性繁殖。相反，女性可能会利用迄今未知的代理关系，例如，通过表型匹配，或可能采用交配后近亲繁殖避免机制。对具有不寻常繁殖系统的物种的调查有助于确定对避免近亲繁殖的限制，并有助于我们了解物种间近亲繁殖的分布。重要性声明选择合适的配偶从来都不容易，但对于带状猫鼬来说可能特别困难。在大多数社会性动物中，个体避免与婴儿时期熟悉的动物交配，因为这些动物可能是亲戚。然而，我们表明，这一规则不适用于带状猫鼬。在这里，几个母亲的后代被他们的社会群体在大型公共窝中抚养，父母似乎无法识别或直接照顾自己的幼崽。这可能使得根据熟悉程度识别亲属变得困难，并且可能解释为什么带状猫鼬经常近亲繁殖。然而，如果随机选择配偶，近亲繁殖低于预期，这表明使用了替代的交配前或交配后近亲繁殖避免机制。
AbstractIn species that live in family groups, such as cooperative breeders, inbreeding is usually avoided through the recognition of familiar kin. For example, individuals may avoid mating with conspecifics encountered regularly in infancy, as these likely include parents, siblings, and closely related alloparents. Other mechanisms have also been reported, albeit rarely; for example, individuals may compare their own phenotype to that of others, with close matches representing likely relatives (“phenotype matching”). However, determinants of the primary inbreeding avoidance mechanisms used by a given species remain poorly understood. We use 24 years of life history and genetic data to investigate inbreeding avoidance in wild cooperatively breeding banded mongooses (Mungos mungo). We find that inbreeding avoidance occurs within social groups but is far from maximised (mean pedigree relatedness between 351 breeding pairs = 0.144). Unusually for a group-living vertebrate, we find no evidence that females avoid breeding with males with which they are familiar in early life. This is probably explained by communal breeding; females give birth in tight synchrony and pups are cared for communally, thus reducing the reliability of familiarity-based proxies of relatedness. We also found little evidence that inbreeding is avoided by preferentially breeding with males of specific age classes. Instead, females may exploit as-yet unknown proxies of relatedness, for example, through phenotype matching, or may employ postcopulatory inbreeding avoidance mechanisms. Investigation of species with unusual breeding systems helps to identify constraints against inbreeding avoidance and contributes to our understanding of the distribution of inbreeding across species.Significance statementChoosing the right mate is never easy, but it may be particularly difficult for banded mongooses. In most social animals, individuals avoid mating with those that were familiar to them as infants, as these are likely to be relatives. However, we show that this rule does not work in banded mongooses. Here, the offspring of several mothers are raised in large communal litters by their social group, and parents seem unable to identify or direct care towards their own pups. This may make it difficult to recognise relatives based on their level of familiarity and is likely to explain why banded mongooses frequently inbreed. Nevertheless, inbreeding is lower than expected if mates are chosen at random, suggesting that alternative pre- or post-copulatory inbreeding avoidance mechanisms are used.