The effectiveness of aquatic plants as surrogates for wider biodiversity in standing fresh waters
The effectiveness of aquatic plants as surrogates for wider biodiversity in standing fresh waters
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DOI：
10.1111/fwb.13369
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发表时间：
2019-07-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Willby, Nigel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Law, Alan;Baker, Ambroise;Willby, Nigel J.
淡水是全球最受威胁的栖息地之一，其生物多样性正在以前所未有的速度下降。为了减缓这种下降，人们采用了多种方法来保护、恢复或增强水体。然而，评估其有效性既耗时又昂贵。因此，在一系列生态条件下确定物种或组合，可以为更广泛的淡水生物多样性提供替代品，对养护管理和规划具有重要价值。对于湖泊和池塘在英国（低地农业，英格兰东部;高地，英格兰西北部;城市，苏格兰中部）三个对比鲜明的景观，我们研究了大型植物物种，大型植物形态组多样性（结构多样性的指标）和丰富的三个广泛的水生大型无脊椎动物群体（软体动物，甲虫，和odonates）之间的联系，使用结构方程模型。我们假设，增加大型植物的丰富性，因此，增加植被结构的复杂性，将增加大型无脊椎动物的丰富性后，占当地和景观条件。我们发现，大型植物的丰富性，通过大型植物形态组的多样性，是一个有效的替代软体动物，甲虫，和odonate丰富的池塘后，占物理变量，水化学，和周围的土地利用所造成的变化。然而，只有软体动物的丰富度可以预测的水生植物形态组多样性在湖泊中，没有显着的预测效果甲虫或odonates。我们的研究结果表明，大型植物形态组的多样性可以被视为一个合适的替代品的大型无脊椎动物的生物多样性在不同的景观，特别是在池塘和在较小程度上在湖泊。这对恢复、保护和创造静水生境以及评估其在应对全球淡水生物多样性下降方面的有效性具有重要意义。优先发展物种丰富和结构多样的大型植物群落的管理行动将可能有利于更广泛的淡水生物多样性。
Freshwaters are among the most globally threatened habitats and their biodiversity is declining at an unparalleled rate. In an attempt to slow this decline, multiple approaches have been used to conserve, restore or enhance waterbodies. However, evaluating their effectiveness is time-consuming and expensive. Identifying species or assemblages across a range of ecological conditions that can provide a surrogate for wider freshwater biodiversity is therefore of significant value for conservation management and planning. For lakes and ponds in three contrasting landscapes of Britain (lowland agricultural, eastern England; upland, north-west England; urban, central Scotland) we examined the link between macrophyte species, macrophyte morpho-group diversity (an indicator of structural diversity) and the richness of three widespread aquatic macroinvertebrate groups (molluscs, beetles, and odonates) using structural equation modelling. We hypothesised that increased macrophyte richness and, hence, increased vegetation structural complexity, would increase macroinvertebrate richness after accounting for local and landscape conditions. We found that macrophyte richness, via macrophyte morpho-group diversity, was an effective surrogate for mollusc, beetle, and odonate richness in ponds after accounting for variation caused by physical variables, water chemistry, and surrounding land use. However, only mollusc richness could be predicted by macrophyte morpho-group diversity in lakes, with no significant predicted effect on beetles or odonates. Our results indicate that macrophyte morpho-group diversity can be viewed as a suitable surrogate of macroinvertebrate biodiversity across diverse landscapes, particularly in ponds and to a lesser extent in lakes. This has important implications for the restoration, conservation, and creation of standing water habitats and for assessing their effectiveness in addressing the decline of global freshwater biodiversity. Management actions prioritising the development of species-rich and structurally diverse macrophyte assemblages will be likely to benefit wider freshwater biodiversity.